Monday, August 31, 2009
Northern Lights and Fire Rainbow over Yellowknife , Yukon , Canada
THIS NEXT PICTURE IS A FIRE RAINBOW - THE RAREST OF ALL NATURALLY OCCURRING ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA. THE PICTURE WAS CAPTURED THIS WEEK ON THE IDAHO / WASHINGTON BORDER. THE EVENT LASTED ABOUT 1 HOUR. CLOUDS HAVE TO BE CIRRUS, AT LEAST 20.000 FEET IN THE AIR, WITH JUST THE RIGHT AMOUNT OF ICE CRYSTALS AND THE SUN HAS TO HIT THE CLOUDS AT PRECISELY 58 DEGREES.
Thursday, August 27, 2009
Virgo The Virgin August 23 to September 23
VIRGO (The One that Waits)
Dominant in relationships.
Someone loves them right now.
Always wants the last word.
Caring.
Smart.
Loud.
Loyal.
Easy to talk to.
Everything you ever wanted.
Easy to please.
The one and only.
Traditional
Virgo Traits:
Modest and shy
Meticulous and reliable
Practical and diligent
Intelligent and analytical.
On the dark side....
Fussy and a worrier
Overcritical and harsh
Perfectionist and conservative.
Virgo is the only zodiacal sign represented by a female. It is sometimes thought of as a potentially creative girl, delicately lovely; sometimes as a somewhat older woman, intelligent but rather pedantic and spinsterish. The latter impression is sometimes confirmed by the Virgoan preciseness, refinement, fastidious love of cleanliness, hygiene and good order, conventionality and aristocratic attitude of reserve. They are usually observant, shrewd, critically inclined, judicious, patient, practical supporters of the status quo, and tend toward conservatism in all departments of life. On the surface they are emotionally cold, and sometimes this goes deeper, for their habit of suppressing their natural kindness may in the end cause it to atrophy, with the result that they shrink from committing themselves to friendship, make few relationships, and those they do make they are careful to keep superficial.
But the outward lack of feeling may, in some individuals born under this sign, conceal too much emotion, to which they are afraid of giving way because they do not trust others, nor do they have confidence in themselves and their judgments. This is because they are conscious of certain shortcomings in themselves of worldliness, of practicality, of sophistication and of outgoingness. So they bring the art of self concealment to a high pitch, hiding their apprehensiveness about themselves and their often considerable sympathy with other people under a mantle of matter-of-factness and undemonstrative, quiet reserve. They are still waters that run deep. Yet in their unassuming, outwardly cheerful and agreeable fashion, they can be sensible, discreet, well spoken, wise and witty, with a good understanding of other people's problems which they can tackle with a practicality not always evident in their own personal relationships.
Both sexes have considerable charm and dignity, which make some male Virgoans appear effeminate when they are not. In marriage they can be genuinely affectionate, making good spouses and parents, but their love making is a perfection of technique rather than the expression of desire, and they must be careful not to mate with a partner whose sex drive requires a passion they cannot match.
They are intellectually enquiring, methodical and logical, studious and teachable. They combine mental ingenuity with the ability to produce a clear analysis of the most complicated problems. They have an excellent eye for detail but they may be so meticulous that they neglect larger issues. Also, although they are realists, they may slow down projects by being too exact.
They are practical with their hands, good technicians and have genuine inventive talents, Thoroughness, hard work and conscientiousness are their hallmarks, and they are such perfectionists that, if things go wrong, they are easily discouraged. Because of their ability to see every angle of a many-sided question, they are unhappy with abstract theorizing. Appreciating the many different points of view as they do, they find philosophical concepts difficult, and they vacillate and have no confidence in any conclusions at which they arrive.
With these qualities, they are better as subordinates than leaders. Responsibility irks them and they often lack the breadth of strategic vision that a leader needs Virgoans are essentially tacticians, admirable in the attainment of limited objectives. Their self distrust is something they project on to other people and tends to make them exacting employers, though in the demands they make on those under them they temper this attitude with justice. They have potential abilities in the arts, sciences and languages. Language especially they use correctly, clearly, consciously and formally, as grammarians and etymologists rather than for literary interests, yet they are likely to have a good memory for apt quotations. Although they are well suited for careers in machine drawing, surveying and similar occupations, they are better fitted for a job in a library or office than a workshop.
Their minds are such that they need the stimulus of practical problems to be solved rather than the mere routine or working to set specifications that need no thought. They are careful with money and their interest in statistics makes them excellent bookkeepers and accountants. They also make good editors, physicists and analytical chemists. They may also find success as welfare workers, ministering to those less fortunate than themselves. They can be doctors, nurses, psychologists, teachers, confidential secretaries, technologists, inspectors, musicians, critics, public speakers and writers especially of reference works such as dictionaries and encyclopedias. Both sexes have a deep interest in history, a feature recognized by astrological authorities for at least two hundred years. If they go in for a business career their shrewdness and analytical ingenuity could tempt them into dishonesty, though they usually have enough moral sense to resist temptation. Female Virgoans may find a career in fashion, for they have a flair for dress, in which they can be trend setters. In any profession they choose the natives of this sign readily assimilate new ideas, but always with caution, conserving what they consider worth keeping from the past. They love country life but are unlikely to make good farmers, unless they can contrive to carry out their work without outraging their sense of hygiene and cleanliness.
Their faults, as is usual with all zodiacal types, are the extremes of their virtues. Fastidious reticence and modesty become old-maidishness and persnicketiness; balanced criticism becomes carping and nagging; and concern for detail becomes overspecialization. Virgoans are liable to indecision in wider issues and this can become chronic, turning molehills of minor difficulties into Himalayas of crisis. Their prudence can become guile and their carefulness, turned in on themselves, can produce worriers and hypochondriacs.
Possible Health Concerns...
Virgo is said to govern the hands, abdomen, intestines, spleen and central nervous system. Illnesses to which its natives are prone include catarrh, cold, coughs, pleurisies, pneumonia and nervous instabilities. Their natures make them inclined to worry and this makes them vulnerable to stomach and bowel troubles, including colic and ulcers. Male Virgoans may have trouble with their sexual organs. Both sexes are strongly interested in drugs and esoteric cuisine and as their delicate stomachs require them to be careful about their diet, it is essential that they treat their fascination with exotic food with extreme care.
LIKES:
Health foods
Lists
Hygiene
Order
Wholesomeness
DISLIKES:
Hazards to health
Anything sordid
Sloppy workers
Squalor
Being uncertain
PROBLEMS THAT MAY ARISE FOR YOU, AND THEIR SOLUTIONS:
As with all sun signs, we all have unique traits to our personalities. When these traits are suppressed, or unrealized, problems will arise. However, with astrology we can examine the problem and assess the proper solution based on the sun sign characteristics. As a Virgo you may see things below that really strike home. Try the solution, you most likely will be amazed at the results. If you find yourself on the receiving end of the negatives below, it is because you are failing to express the positive.
Problem: Finding yourself frequently alone and unable to keep friends for more than a few weeks.
Solution: Try not to be argumentative over much and the constant criticism that Virgos give to their companions are not endearing qualities to have. Try to live and let live, they will love you for it.
Problem: People tend to avoid making close contact with you.
Solution: Being too preoccupied with health and making it a continual topic of conversation. Try to keep your tips and suggestions about health and health products to yourself unless asked for them.
Problem: Dissatisfied with the way your life is turning out; no excitement or change to speak of.
Solution: You may be restricting yourself by reducing your life to a set of theories and pigeon-holes. Try to express the positive by first asking yourself, Who or what are you serving; are you devoted or are you enslaved. Answer those questions and then start a new path that includes your true worth.
Problem: You may feel that your life and your climb to success is a steep hill that you may never be able to scale.
Solution: Try expressing the positive traits of your finely tuned analytical reasoning, employing the light touch with employees and coworkers, while expressing genuine concern for all; You will find those mountains turning into hills that you run right over.
Your ruling planet is MERCURY
Mean distance from the Sun (AU) 0.387
Sidereal period of orbit (years) 0.24
Equatorial radius (km) 2,439
Polar radius (km) 2,439
Body rotation period (hours) 1,408
Tilt of equator to orbit (degrees) 0
Number of observed satellites 0
The colors for Virgo are GREEN AND DARK BROWN.
Your starstone is the beautiful, SARDONYX. The Sardonyx can be found with many different colored bands on it but the one suggested for Virgo is that of the reddish brown variety. It is in the quartz family and is mined around the world.
Some Famous Virgoeans That Share Your Sign!
August 23, 1970 - River Phoenix - Actor
August 24, 1770 - Friedrich Hegal - Writer
August 24, 1944 - Chris Chubbock - Celebrity
August 25, 1918 - Leonard Bernstein - Conductor
August 25, 1918 - George Wallace - Politician
August 25, 1930 - Sean Connery - Actor
August 25, 1933 - Regis Philbin - TV Personality
August 25, 1947 - Anne Archer - Actress
August 25, 1954 - Elvis Costello - Singer
August 26, 1819 - Prince Albert - Royalty
August 26, 1904 - Christopher Isherwood - Religious Figure
August 26, 1921 - Zipporah Dobyns - Astrologer
August 26, 1923 - Richard Attenborough - TV Host
August 27, 1871 - Theodore Dreiser - Writer
August 27, 1908 - Lyndon Johnson - President USA
Auguat 27, 1910 - Mother Teresa - Humanitarian
August 27, 1929 - Yasser Arafat - Political Figure
August 27, 1931 - Sri Chinmoy - Religious Leader
August 27, 1939 - Pee Wee Herman - Comdian
August 27, 1943 - Tuesday Weld - Actress
August 28, 1749 - Johann V. Goethe - Writer
August 29, 1876 - Frances Kettering - Engineer
August 29, 1907 - Don Loper - Designer
August 29, 1962 - Maeterlinck - Historical Figure
August 29, 1915 - Ingrid Bergman - Actress
August 29, 1938 - Elliot Gould - Actor
August 29, 1958 - Michael Jackson - Singer
August 30, 1797 - Mary Godwin Shelley - Writer
August 30, 1943 - Jean Claud Killy - Skier
August 31, 1880 - Queen Wilhelmina - Neth. Royalt
August 31, 1903 - Arthur Godfrey - Entertainer
August 31, 1908 - William Saroyan - Writer
August 31, 1916 - Daniel Schorr - Jounalist
August 31, 1924 - Buddy Hacket - Actor
August 31, 1928 - James Coburn - Actor
August 31, 1949 - Richard Gere - Actor
August 31, 1950 - Arthur Bremer - Criminal
September 1, 1875 - William Rice Burroughs - Writer
September 1. 1907 - Walter Reuther - Union Official
September 1, 1924 - Rocky Marciano - Boxer
September 1, 1938 - Alan Dershowitz - Attorney
September 1, 1939 - Lilly Tomlin - Comediene
September 1. 1957 - Gloria Estefan - Singer
September 2, 1919 - Marge Champion - Dancer
September 2, 1948 - Terry Bradshaw - Sports Figure
September 2, 1951 - Mark Harmon - Actor
September 2, 1961 - Michael Thiessen - Astrologer
September 3, 1935 - Eileen Brennan - Actress
September 3, 1943 - Valarie Perrine - Actress
September 3, 1965 - Charlie Sheen - Actor
September 4, 1530 - Ivan the Terrible - Royalty
September 4, 1824 - Anton Bruckner - Composer
September 4, 1896 - Antinon Artaud - Writer
September 4, 1908 - Richard Wright - Inventor
September 4, 1913 - Micky Cohen - Gangster
September 4, 1918 - Paul Harvey - Broadcaster
September 4, 1920 - Craig Claiborne - Writer
September 4, 1929 - Tomas Eagelton - Politician
September 5, 1912 - John Cage - Musician
September 5, 1913 - John Mitchell - Politician
September 5, 1927 - Paul Volcker - Federal Reserve
September 5, 1902 - Darryl F. Zanuck - Producer
September 5, 1929 - Bob Newhart - Actor
September 5, 1940 - Raquel Welch - Actress
September 6, 1888 - Joseph Kennedy Sr. - Famous Family
September 6, 1860 - Jane Adams - Social Worker
September 6, 1944 - Swoosie Kurtz - Actress
September 7, 1887 - Edith Sitwell - Writer
September 7, 1900 - Taylor Caldwell - Writer
September 7, 1924 - Daniel Inouye - Politician
September 7, 1943 - Peter Lynch - Financial Wiz
September 7, 1936 - Buddy Holly - Singer
September 8, 1841 - Antonin Dvorak - Composer
September 8, 1889 - Robert Taft - Politician
September 8, 1922 - Lyndon Larouche - Celebrity
September 8, 1924 - Grace Metalious - Writer
September 8, 1925 - Peter Sellers - Actor
September 8, 1948 - Sam Nun - Politician
September 9, 1890 - Jimmy “the Greek Snyder - Celebrity
September 9. 1925 - Cliff Robertson - Actor
September 9, 1941 - Otis Redding - Musician
September 9, 1951 - Michael Keaton - Actor
September 10, 1929 - Arnold Palmer - Sport Figure
September 10, 1934 - Charles Kuralt - Journalist
September 10, 1945 - Jose Feliciano - Singer
September 10, 1948 - Margaret Trudeau - Political Wife
September 10, 1953 - Amy Irving - Actress
September 10, 1924 - Tom Landry - Sports Figure
September 11, 1862 - O. Henry - Writer
September 11, 1885 - D.H. Lawrence - Writer
September 11, 1932 - Bob Packwood - Politician
September 11, 1940 - Brian Depalma - Director
September 11, 1962 - Kristy McNichol - Actress
September 12, 1880 - Henry L. Menken - Writer
September 12, 1888 - Maurice Chevalier - Actor
September 12, 1940 - Linda Gray - Actress
September 13, 1819 - Clara Schumann - Composer
September 13, 1857 - Milton Hershey - Industrialist
September 13, 1905 - Claudette Colbert - Actress
September 13, 1944 - Jacqueline Bissett - Actress
September 13, 1948 - Nell Carter - Actress
September 14, 1879 - Margaret Sanger - Activist
September 15, 1789 - George Fenimore Cooper - Writer
September 15, 1857 - William H. Taft - President US
September 15, 1880 - Agatha Christie - Writer
September 15, 1922 - Jackie Cooper - Actor
September 16, 1638 - Lousi XIV 'Sun King' - Royalty
September 16, 1924 - Lauren Bacall - Actress
September 16, 1926 - Rev. Robert Schuller - Religious Leader
September 17, 1907 - Warren Burger - U.S. Justice
September 17, 1931 - Anne Bancroft - Actress
September 17, 1948 - John Ritter - Actor
September 18, 1916 - Rossano Brazzi - Actor
September 18, 1962 - Refrigerator Perry - Sports Figure
September 18, 1905 - Greta Garbo - Actress
September 19, 1928 - Mickey Mouse - Cartoon Character
September 19, 1941 - Cass Elliot - Singer
September 19, 1948 - Jeremy Irons - Actor
September 19, 1949 - Twiggy - Model
September 19, 1950 - Joan Lunden - TV Personality
September 20, 1853 - Chulalonghorn, Siam - Royalty
September 20, 1878 - Upton Sinclare - Writer
September 20, 1928 - Dr. Joyce Brothers - Psychologist
September 20, 1934 - Sophia Loren - Actress
September 21, 1874 - Gustave Holst - Composer
September 21, 1866 - H. G. Wells - Writer
September 21, 1931 - Harry Hagman - Actor
September 21, 1944 - Hamilton Jordon - Press Secretary
September 21, 1947 - Stephen King - Writer
September 21, 1950 - Bill Murray - Actor
September 22, 1932 - Ingemar Johansson - Boxer
September 22, 1960 - Joan Jett - Singer
September 22, 1960 - Tai Babilonia - Skater
The Secret
The Secret reveals the most powerful law in the universe. The knowledge of this law has run like a golden thread through the lives and the teachings of all the prophets, seers, sages and saviors in the world's history, and through the lives of all truly great men and women. All that they have ever accomplished or attained has been done in full accordance with this most powerful law.
Without exception, every human being has the ability to transform any weakness or suffering into strength, power, perfect peace, health, and abundance.
Rhonda Byrne's discovery of The Secret began with a glimpse of the truth through a 100 year old book. She went back through centuries, tracing and uncovering a common truth that lay at the core of the most powerful philosophies, teachings and religions in the world.
What Rhonda discovered is now captured in The Secret, a film that has been viewed by millions around the world. The Secret has also been released as an audio-book and printed book with more than six million copies in print.
The Secret reveals the natural law that is governing all lives. By applying the knowledge of this law, you can change every aspect of your life.
This is the secret to prosperity, health, relationships and happiness. This is the secret to life.
REDBULL- "Vitalizes body and mind."
Sugar-free, low calorie. Improves performance, especially during times of increased stress or strain. Increases concentration and improves reaction speed. Stimulates the metabolism.
INGREDIENTS:Carbonated water, sucrose, glucose, sodium citrate, taurine, glucuronolactone, caffeine, inositol, niacinamide, calcium-pantothenate, pyridoxine HCl, vitamin B12, artificial flavors, colors.
Nutrition summary:
There are 110 calories in 1 serving of Red Bull Red Bull Energy Drink.
Calorie break-down: 0% fat, 100% carbs, 0% protein.
Calculated Weight Watchers® points: 2 points.
Estimated Net Carbs (non-fiber carbs): 28g.
There are 110 calories in 1 serving of Red Bull Red Bull Energy Drink.
Calorie break-down: 0% fat, 100% carbs, 0% protein.
Calculated Weight Watchers® points: 2 points.
Estimated Net Carbs (non-fiber carbs): 28g.
A memorable add campaign, a cool looking can, and a funky taste. Not to mention, the ability to really wake you up in the morning! 'Red Bull Gives You Wings'.
Red Bull N.A., Inc.Santa Monica, California 90404United StatesPhone: 1-(877)-673-9444
Wills, Trust & Probate
1. Trust property; res; corpus; principal or fund; and trustor or settler.
2. Testamentary trusts are incorporated directly into a will and are, therefore, ambulatory and subject to probate. If the trust was a testamentary trust, the property will be distributed through a residuary clause.
3. Pourover will: Clause in a will which leaves the testator’s property to the trustee of a living trust.
4. A trust is a relationship in which trust property, also called the res, corpus, principal, or fund, is transferred from one property, called the trustor or settler, to a trustee.
5. Resulting trust: Implied trust in which trust property is held for the benefit of the person who paid for the property.
Constructive trust: A form of implied trust that is imposed by a court to right a wrong.
6. -be loyal to the trust and trust beneficiaries;
-maintain accurate records and accounts;
-take possession of the trust property and make it profitable.
-pay all trust debts; and
-collect all debts owed to the trust.
7. A trust may be created for any lawful purpose and may never be created if it will violate any criminal as well as civil laws. The trust purpose must be clearly stated in the trust agreement for the agreement to be valid.
2. Testamentary trusts are incorporated directly into a will and are, therefore, ambulatory and subject to probate. If the trust was a testamentary trust, the property will be distributed through a residuary clause.
3. Pourover will: Clause in a will which leaves the testator’s property to the trustee of a living trust.
4. A trust is a relationship in which trust property, also called the res, corpus, principal, or fund, is transferred from one property, called the trustor or settler, to a trustee.
5. Resulting trust: Implied trust in which trust property is held for the benefit of the person who paid for the property.
Constructive trust: A form of implied trust that is imposed by a court to right a wrong.
6. -be loyal to the trust and trust beneficiaries;
-maintain accurate records and accounts;
-take possession of the trust property and make it profitable.
-pay all trust debts; and
-collect all debts owed to the trust.
7. A trust may be created for any lawful purpose and may never be created if it will violate any criminal as well as civil laws. The trust purpose must be clearly stated in the trust agreement for the agreement to be valid.
Psychology
I have been asked to help a young mother choose an infant care center that will most likely to stimulate her one year old son’s brain development.
The number of dendrites and synapses increases after birth. Although different areas of the cortex sprout at different rates, the number of synapses can increase tenfold in the first year after birth. In fact, by the time children are six or seven years old, their brains have more dendrites than those of adults, and they use twice as much energy.
I believe in finding a day care center who uses flashcards to stimulate children’s brains. Overproduction of synapses, especially in the frontal cortex, may be essential for infants to develop certain intellectual abilities.
There are many intricate and codependent processes going on during the course of growth and development of a human being. The individual and collective processes can be easily disrupted and consequently malfunction at any stage, that it is miraculous that many of us survive to functional adulthood at all. Developmental research has determined that there are "developmental windows of opportunity" for different brain functions.
We learn and develop through interaction with our environment, and through the special senses of proprioception, nocioception and the vestibular system, the brain is able to ascertain the status of the body and make relevant adjustments in relation to its environment. The ability to classify, organise, store, recall and utilise this information provides the basis for learning.
“Behavioral expression of sensory processing must be considered in terms of the child’s self-regulation of arousal, attention, affect, and action” (Williamson & Anzalone, 1997). The child’s sensory status moderates, and is moderated by, the child’s state of arousal. Arousal is a child’s level of alertness and the ability to maintain and transition between different sleep and waking states. The state of arousal is usually decreased with a prolonged latency or an inability to attain focused attention.
Every movement is a sensory motor event, and movement reinforces our learning capacity - to truly store something mentally, some type of movement activity is required - either speaking out loud, writing or other physical action such as gesticulation. By putting it into 'muscular memory' it is more likely to be remembered than something simply thought about and not 'acted out'. Movement actually promotes good health in many ways. The day care center should have a schedule for outdoor activities.
Therefore, I would suggest to do a lot of research on day care centers and I would choose the one that has a variety of the above mentioned teaching abilities/capacities for infants.
The number of dendrites and synapses increases after birth. Although different areas of the cortex sprout at different rates, the number of synapses can increase tenfold in the first year after birth. In fact, by the time children are six or seven years old, their brains have more dendrites than those of adults, and they use twice as much energy.
I believe in finding a day care center who uses flashcards to stimulate children’s brains. Overproduction of synapses, especially in the frontal cortex, may be essential for infants to develop certain intellectual abilities.
There are many intricate and codependent processes going on during the course of growth and development of a human being. The individual and collective processes can be easily disrupted and consequently malfunction at any stage, that it is miraculous that many of us survive to functional adulthood at all. Developmental research has determined that there are "developmental windows of opportunity" for different brain functions.
We learn and develop through interaction with our environment, and through the special senses of proprioception, nocioception and the vestibular system, the brain is able to ascertain the status of the body and make relevant adjustments in relation to its environment. The ability to classify, organise, store, recall and utilise this information provides the basis for learning.
“Behavioral expression of sensory processing must be considered in terms of the child’s self-regulation of arousal, attention, affect, and action” (Williamson & Anzalone, 1997). The child’s sensory status moderates, and is moderated by, the child’s state of arousal. Arousal is a child’s level of alertness and the ability to maintain and transition between different sleep and waking states. The state of arousal is usually decreased with a prolonged latency or an inability to attain focused attention.
Every movement is a sensory motor event, and movement reinforces our learning capacity - to truly store something mentally, some type of movement activity is required - either speaking out loud, writing or other physical action such as gesticulation. By putting it into 'muscular memory' it is more likely to be remembered than something simply thought about and not 'acted out'. Movement actually promotes good health in many ways. The day care center should have a schedule for outdoor activities.
Therefore, I would suggest to do a lot of research on day care centers and I would choose the one that has a variety of the above mentioned teaching abilities/capacities for infants.
Psychology 101
Classical Conditioning is the type of learning made famous by Pavlov's experiments with dogs. The gist of the experiment is the following: Pavlov presented dogs with food, and measured their salivary response (how much they drooled). Then he began ringing a bell just before presenting the food. At first, the dogs did not begin salivating until the food was presented. After a while, however, the dogs began to salivate when the sound of the bell was presented. They learned to associate the sound of the bell with the presentation of the food. As far as their immediate physiological responses were concerned, the sound of the bell became equivalent to the presentation of the food. I believe the same will work with any elephant in my circus.
Classical conditioning is used by trainers for two purposes: To condition (train) autonomic responses, such as the drooling, producing adrenaline, or reducing adrenaline (calming) without using the “stimuli” that would naturally create such a response; and, to create an association between a stimulus that normally would not have any effect on the animal and a stimulus that would. Classical conditioning is very important to animal trainers, because it is difficult to supply an animal with one of the things it naturally likes (or dislikes) in time for it to be an important consequence of the behavior.
Similar to classical conditioning, operant conditioning studies the response of the learner following a stimulus; however, the response is voluntary and the concept of reinforcement is emphasized. The relationship in operant conditioning includes three component parts: the stimulus, a response, and the reinforcement following the response.
Operant conditioning is the modification of behavior brought about over time by the consequences of said behavior. Operant conditioning is distinguished from Pavlovian conditioning in that operant conditioning deals with voluntary behavior explained by its consequences, while Pavlovian conditioning deals with involuntary behavior triggered by its antecedents.
In operant conditioning, the terminal (or desired) behavior should be specified in precise, observable terms before conditioning begins; instead of "instructional objectives," then, the ideal is a behavioral objective, with three specified components: (1) an observable, measurable outcome; (2) explanation of the conditions under which the behavior should be exhibited; and (3) the criterion for judging the acceptable performance of the behavior.
Classical conditioning is used by trainers for two purposes: To condition (train) autonomic responses, such as the drooling, producing adrenaline, or reducing adrenaline (calming) without using the “stimuli” that would naturally create such a response; and, to create an association between a stimulus that normally would not have any effect on the animal and a stimulus that would. Classical conditioning is very important to animal trainers, because it is difficult to supply an animal with one of the things it naturally likes (or dislikes) in time for it to be an important consequence of the behavior.
Similar to classical conditioning, operant conditioning studies the response of the learner following a stimulus; however, the response is voluntary and the concept of reinforcement is emphasized. The relationship in operant conditioning includes three component parts: the stimulus, a response, and the reinforcement following the response.
Operant conditioning is the modification of behavior brought about over time by the consequences of said behavior. Operant conditioning is distinguished from Pavlovian conditioning in that operant conditioning deals with voluntary behavior explained by its consequences, while Pavlovian conditioning deals with involuntary behavior triggered by its antecedents.
In operant conditioning, the terminal (or desired) behavior should be specified in precise, observable terms before conditioning begins; instead of "instructional objectives," then, the ideal is a behavioral objective, with three specified components: (1) an observable, measurable outcome; (2) explanation of the conditions under which the behavior should be exhibited; and (3) the criterion for judging the acceptable performance of the behavior.
"patriotism"
1. Q: What exactly is “patriotism”?
A: Patriotism denotes positive attitudes by individuals to their own perceived civic or political community, to its culture, its members, and to its interests. Actions towards other countries, or to non-civic groups, are not generally described as patriotic, and they may be referred to by a specific name, such as pro-Greek philhellenism. Patriotism is closely related to nationalism.
2. Q: What thoughts and feelings does patriotism embody?
A: The message is clear: in war, patriotism consists in following orders without considering whether they are right or wrong, or even if they make any sense. "Love of country" becomes unquestioning obedience to the country's government.
3. Q: When is patriotism a positive force that unites people, creating a sense of community, shared values, and a mutual commitment to one another?
A: Truth is the American bottom line. Truth above all is fundamental to who we are. It is no accident that among the first words of the first declaration of our national existence it is proclaimed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident…".
4. Q: When is patriotism a negative force that creates divisions between people and fosters distrust and discrimination?
A: Patriotism is everywhere since the September 11 attacks shocked our country and the world. People are singing along with the national anthem at ball games, every other car has a flag on its antenna, and students are actually standing up for the national anthem. Patriotism is a spit in the face to terrorists who want to oppress us, and it brings the country together, making it stronger, the term "united we stand" is common these days. However, there are some sides to patriotism that only darken the premise of love for a country, especially America. Not just here, but worldwide, the Constitution is a symbol of democracy, and the bill of rights is the most respected aspect of this nation's freedom, but since September 11th it seems at least one of these respected rights has been clouded.
A: Patriotism denotes positive attitudes by individuals to their own perceived civic or political community, to its culture, its members, and to its interests. Actions towards other countries, or to non-civic groups, are not generally described as patriotic, and they may be referred to by a specific name, such as pro-Greek philhellenism. Patriotism is closely related to nationalism.
2. Q: What thoughts and feelings does patriotism embody?
A: The message is clear: in war, patriotism consists in following orders without considering whether they are right or wrong, or even if they make any sense. "Love of country" becomes unquestioning obedience to the country's government.
3. Q: When is patriotism a positive force that unites people, creating a sense of community, shared values, and a mutual commitment to one another?
A: Truth is the American bottom line. Truth above all is fundamental to who we are. It is no accident that among the first words of the first declaration of our national existence it is proclaimed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident…".
4. Q: When is patriotism a negative force that creates divisions between people and fosters distrust and discrimination?
A: Patriotism is everywhere since the September 11 attacks shocked our country and the world. People are singing along with the national anthem at ball games, every other car has a flag on its antenna, and students are actually standing up for the national anthem. Patriotism is a spit in the face to terrorists who want to oppress us, and it brings the country together, making it stronger, the term "united we stand" is common these days. However, there are some sides to patriotism that only darken the premise of love for a country, especially America. Not just here, but worldwide, the Constitution is a symbol of democracy, and the bill of rights is the most respected aspect of this nation's freedom, but since September 11th it seems at least one of these respected rights has been clouded.
The Disparity Between Intellect and Character by Robert Coles
1. What I believe Robert Coles meant by the term character when he quoted Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Character is higher than intellect” is that a person with good character means a lot more to him than someone with good grades.
2. I, myself have not experienced lack of moral instructions in my college but I am almost sure that I will someday experience that. Yes, I do believe that colleges should do more to encourage the development of moral character on the part of students. The reason I believe this is because it is very important, at least to me, to have moral values, manners & respect for others individuals. It will only make a person stronger, a lot more credible and more likely to have decent, nice, honest people around them. It would make college a lot easier & pleasant for all of the students.
3. I think that the student was overreacting a bit. If I would have been in Robert Cole’s position I would have probably been a bit more aggressive in my answer to her. I would tell her that no one should drive her to quit her job and quit college. You will always find people that are rude, cruel, disrespectful and mean but that should not interfere in your education. I would have told her to just worry about herself and not to let anyone make her quit school.
4. I agree with Aristotle. I believe that ethics is very important so that you are able to know how to respect other people no matter what their skin color is or what they look like or where they come from. It will make all of us a better person in every aspect of our lives.
5. I think that colleges should respond by referring to the law then to your family values. Everyone pretty much knows what’s right and wrong, they just pretend not to. You hear it all the time on the news, magazines, newspapers; crimes being committed all over the world.
2. I, myself have not experienced lack of moral instructions in my college but I am almost sure that I will someday experience that. Yes, I do believe that colleges should do more to encourage the development of moral character on the part of students. The reason I believe this is because it is very important, at least to me, to have moral values, manners & respect for others individuals. It will only make a person stronger, a lot more credible and more likely to have decent, nice, honest people around them. It would make college a lot easier & pleasant for all of the students.
3. I think that the student was overreacting a bit. If I would have been in Robert Cole’s position I would have probably been a bit more aggressive in my answer to her. I would tell her that no one should drive her to quit her job and quit college. You will always find people that are rude, cruel, disrespectful and mean but that should not interfere in your education. I would have told her to just worry about herself and not to let anyone make her quit school.
4. I agree with Aristotle. I believe that ethics is very important so that you are able to know how to respect other people no matter what their skin color is or what they look like or where they come from. It will make all of us a better person in every aspect of our lives.
5. I think that colleges should respond by referring to the law then to your family values. Everyone pretty much knows what’s right and wrong, they just pretend not to. You hear it all the time on the news, magazines, newspapers; crimes being committed all over the world.
Wednesday, August 26, 2009
A good woman
A good woman is proud of herself. She respects herself and others. She is aware of who she is. She neither seeks definition from the person she is with, nor does she expect them to read her mind. She is quite capable of articulating her needs.
A good woman is hopeful. She is strong enough to make all her dreams come true. She knows love; therefore she gives love. She recognizes that her love has great value and must be reciprocated. If her love is taken for granted, it soon disappears.
A good woman has a dash of inspiration, a dabble of endurance and she knows that she will, at times, have to inspire others to reach the potential God gave them. A good woman knows her past, understands her present and moves toward the future.
A good woman knows God. She knows that with God the world is her playground, but without God she will just be played. A good woman does not live in fear of the future because of her past. Instead, she understands that her life experiences are merely lessons, meant to bring her closer to self-knowledge and unconditional self-love. Girl Smile...
A good woman is hopeful. She is strong enough to make all her dreams come true. She knows love; therefore she gives love. She recognizes that her love has great value and must be reciprocated. If her love is taken for granted, it soon disappears.
A good woman has a dash of inspiration, a dabble of endurance and she knows that she will, at times, have to inspire others to reach the potential God gave them. A good woman knows her past, understands her present and moves toward the future.
A good woman knows God. She knows that with God the world is her playground, but without God she will just be played. A good woman does not live in fear of the future because of her past. Instead, she understands that her life experiences are merely lessons, meant to bring her closer to self-knowledge and unconditional self-love. Girl Smile...
Thank you God
One for the girls
Now I lay me down to sleep I pray the Lord my shape to keep. Please no wrinkles, Please no bags And please lift my butt before it sags. Please no age spots, Please no gray And as for my belly, Please take it away. Please keep me healthy, Please keep me young, And thank you Dear Lord, For all that you've done. Five tips for a woman.... 1. It is important that a man helps you around the house and has a job. 2. It is important that a man makes you laugh. 3. It is important to find a man you can count on and doesn't lie to You. 4. It is important that a man loves you and spoils you. 5. It is important that these four men don't know each other!
WOMAN'S POEM
Before I lay me down to sleep,I pray for a man, who's not a creep,One who's handsome, smart and strong.One who loves to listen long, One who thinks before he speaks, One who'll call, not wait for weeks.I pray he's gainfully employed, When I spend his cash, won't be annoyed.Pulls out my chair and opens my door, Massages my back and begs to do more.Oh! Send me a man who'll make love to my mind, Knows what to answer to "how big is my behind?"I pray that this man will love me to no end, And always be my very best friend.
MAN'S POEM
I pray for a deaf-mute blonde nymphomaniac with huge b**bs who owns a liquor store and a fishing boat. This doesn't rhyme and I don't give a s**t
MAN'S POEM
I pray for a deaf-mute blonde nymphomaniac with huge b**bs who owns a liquor store and a fishing boat. This doesn't rhyme and I don't give a s**t
"The mind of man plans his way, but the LORD directs his steps"
Words from Pastor Jamal Harrison-Bryant:
I often warn women who are contemplating marriage to marry someone
who can take care of them. When a woman marries, it ought to be to
someone who is capable of taking her to the next level. If she comes from
poverty, there is no reason for her to get married and still be impoverished. The role of the man is to take her to another place. When she gets married, she ought to dress better, drive better, live better, and eat better, not constantly be in a struggle over where her next meal is coming from. My grandmother used to say, "I can do bad all by myself". For a woman desiring a mate, the objective, of course, would be to find a Christian man, who's settled, has goals,
accomplishments and a job. But a goal-oriented and focused man can't just be
approached any kind of way. So the woman who seeks this type of stability must
make sure that he stands out above the crowd:
1. Make sure your relationship with the Lord is strong and growing.
2. Make sure that you are presentable. Working from the inside out, your presentation should be representative of both who you are and whom you seek. Appearance is a reflection of how you see yourself.
3. Have the ability to hold an intelligent conversation.
4. And most importantly, allow the Holy Ghost to take control. You don't need to go after him. He's going to come after you, because after he sees and smells you and knows that you're in his presence, he's going to want to know who you are! I know there's somebody reading this that has been chasing after the "man of your dreams," but God says, "Just sit still and allow patience to have her perfect work through Me."
Furthermore, it's never a good idea to be too forward and too aggressive. It causes him to lose respect for you and question your character. However, if he sees that you are dressed with quality that you smell like you are somebody, that you look like you're doing fine with out him, then that will attract the right attention from him. He'll have no choice but to give you his attention. Stop looking so needy! God woke me up in the middle of the night and said, "The same thing that Naomi told Ruth to do is the same thing that I want them to do for me."
God is so sick of saints coming to Him trying to get a quickie and never romancing Him for Who he is - going to church screaming, shouting and hollering, but hadn't been intimate with God all week long! Stop trying to treat God like a sugar daddy and start romancing Him with worship and praise: "I'm yours Lord...everything I've got...everything I'm not!"
The God we serve, which is the God of love, demands and requires of
us foreplay before He gives us what we need. In the book of Ruth, the mother-in-law tells Ruth, "You have to wash." John 15:3 reminds us, now ye are clean through the word which I have spoken unto you. When you sit in the Gospel of Jesus Christ, you are taking a shower. When you hear the unadulterated Word of God, then the dirt and grime that you've accumulated all week long begins to wash off of you. Ask God to "create in you a clean heart and renew a right spirit. “Stand in the word. Then wait upon the Lord to renew your strength.
Our young women need to be informed of how to catch and keep a man that will respect them.
I often warn women who are contemplating marriage to marry someone
who can take care of them. When a woman marries, it ought to be to
someone who is capable of taking her to the next level. If she comes from
poverty, there is no reason for her to get married and still be impoverished. The role of the man is to take her to another place. When she gets married, she ought to dress better, drive better, live better, and eat better, not constantly be in a struggle over where her next meal is coming from. My grandmother used to say, "I can do bad all by myself". For a woman desiring a mate, the objective, of course, would be to find a Christian man, who's settled, has goals,
accomplishments and a job. But a goal-oriented and focused man can't just be
approached any kind of way. So the woman who seeks this type of stability must
make sure that he stands out above the crowd:
1. Make sure your relationship with the Lord is strong and growing.
2. Make sure that you are presentable. Working from the inside out, your presentation should be representative of both who you are and whom you seek. Appearance is a reflection of how you see yourself.
3. Have the ability to hold an intelligent conversation.
4. And most importantly, allow the Holy Ghost to take control. You don't need to go after him. He's going to come after you, because after he sees and smells you and knows that you're in his presence, he's going to want to know who you are! I know there's somebody reading this that has been chasing after the "man of your dreams," but God says, "Just sit still and allow patience to have her perfect work through Me."
Furthermore, it's never a good idea to be too forward and too aggressive. It causes him to lose respect for you and question your character. However, if he sees that you are dressed with quality that you smell like you are somebody, that you look like you're doing fine with out him, then that will attract the right attention from him. He'll have no choice but to give you his attention. Stop looking so needy! God woke me up in the middle of the night and said, "The same thing that Naomi told Ruth to do is the same thing that I want them to do for me."
God is so sick of saints coming to Him trying to get a quickie and never romancing Him for Who he is - going to church screaming, shouting and hollering, but hadn't been intimate with God all week long! Stop trying to treat God like a sugar daddy and start romancing Him with worship and praise: "I'm yours Lord...everything I've got...everything I'm not!"
The God we serve, which is the God of love, demands and requires of
us foreplay before He gives us what we need. In the book of Ruth, the mother-in-law tells Ruth, "You have to wash." John 15:3 reminds us, now ye are clean through the word which I have spoken unto you. When you sit in the Gospel of Jesus Christ, you are taking a shower. When you hear the unadulterated Word of God, then the dirt and grime that you've accumulated all week long begins to wash off of you. Ask God to "create in you a clean heart and renew a right spirit. “Stand in the word. Then wait upon the Lord to renew your strength.
Our young women need to be informed of how to catch and keep a man that will respect them.
Psychoneuroimmunology
“How stress impacts the immune system”
Modern psychological conceptions of stress emphasize discrepancies between demands on an individual and resources for coping with those demands, and focus on the psychological processes that lead to an event being experienced as stressful. When demands exceed resources, stress is considered to be the result. This is a definition that Sarafino offered in a recent textbook of health psychology: “Stress is the condition that results when person-environment transactions lead the individual to perceive a discrepancy-whether real or not-between the demands of a situation and the resources of the person’s biological, psychological or social systems” (Sarafino, 1998 p. 70) {Sarafino, E.P. (1998). Health psychology: Biopsychosocial (3rd ed). Wiley.}
A great deal of research has been undertaken to understand the psychological processes involved in the appraisal of stress. Research on stress in relation to the immune system, however, has generally adopted a much more simplistic approach to the assessment of stress. Studies have often employed very crude measures of stress, by counting life events or daily hassles that would be expected to produce stress or by simply asking people about the levels of stress they experience.
There are two basic strategies for investigating stress-infectious illness relationships. One is to conduct experiments in which people are deliberately exposed to infection (“viral challenge” studies), the other is to examine patterns of naturally occurring infections. Evidence about the relationships between stress and susceptibility to infectious illness was reviewed by Cohen & Williamson (1991). Here are some examples of those studies that focused on Upper Respiratory Tract (URT) infections, the most common of which are colds and influenza, both viral infections. Other types of infectious illness they reviewed were recurrences of herpes virus infections, and bacterial infections. {Cohen S. & Williamson, G.M. (1991). Stress and infectious disease in humans. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 5-24.}
These studies focus as much on the timing as on the incidence of colds. Typically, people are asked to keep diaries of life events, and the investigators look for associations between the timing of positive and negative life events and people becoming ill with colds. Studies like these show reductions in positive events and increases in hassles 2 to 4 days before the person becomes ill. That period corresponds more or less to the incubation period of colds.
For example, in an early study of this kind, Meyer & Haggerty (1962) followed 100 members of 16 families over a period of one year, using family diaries to record stressful events, and taking throat cultures every three weeks and at times of reported illness. Daily events that disrupted family life were 4 times more likely to precede than to follow new infections.
In another example, Glaser et al. (1987) followed students through the academic year and compared the numbers of infectious illnesses during exam periods with non-exam periods. Predictably, there were more such illnesses during the exam periods. In a third example, Stone et al. (1987) followed 79 married couples over 3 months, during which time they completed daily checklists of events. Undesirable events increased 3 to 4 days prior to the onset of illness, and desirable events decreased 4 to 5 days prior to onset of illness. {Glaser, R., Rice, J., Sheridan, J., Fertel, R., Stout, J., Speicher, C.E., Pinsky, D., Kotur, M., Post, A., Beck, M. & kiecolt-Glasrer, J.K. (1987) Stress-related immune suppression: health implications. Brain Behavior and Immunity, 1, 7-20}
{Meyer, R.J. & Haggerty, R.T. (1962) Streptococcal infections in families. Pediatrists 9, 539-549}
{Stone, A.A., Reed, B.R. & Neale, J.M. (1987). Changes in daily life event frequency precede episodes of physical symptoms. Journal of Human Stress, 13, 70-74}
Because the common cold is not life-threatening, volunteers can be asked to be exposed to cold viruses without breaching the ethics of research. The basic strategy for this line of investigation is to expose a group of volunteers to cold viruses and examine the extent to which they are infected or go on to become ill with a cold. Those rates can then be compared with other measures like their levels of stress before infection, or baseline psychological variables. {Cohen, S., Tyrell, D.A.J. & Smith, A.P. (1993). Negative life events, perceived stress, negative affect, and susceptibility to the common cold. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 131-140.}
Stress has been associated with a number of behavioral changes, many of which have health implications. When we consider the role of the immune system in the effects of stress on health, therefore, we need to be aware of factors other than immune functions that could also mediate a stress-illness association. In her Health Psychology: A Textbook, Jane Ogden (1996) describes studies showing of health-related behaviors associated with stress that included smoking, drinking, and risk taking.
Smoking: Stress has been associated with starting to smoke, amount smoked, and success of attempts to give up. For example, children who changed secondary schools were more likely to begin to smoke than those who did not. Higher levels of stress have also been associated with relapses to smoking after a period of absence.
Alcohol: People have been shown to be more likely to drink when they are feeling anxious or depressed, and work stress in particular has been associated with increased alcohol consumption.
Risk taking and health behaviors: There is evidence that stress is associated with increased risk of accident involvement, and reductions in health promoting behaviors, including healthy eating and exercise. {Ogden, J. (1996). Health Psychology: A Textbook. Open University Press}
References:
1. www.city.londonmet.ac.uk/psychology/”Stress” as a psychological concept;
2. www.city.londonmet.ac.uk/psychology/Studies of naturally occurring infections;
3. www.city.londonmet.ac.uk/psychology/Experimental studies of exposure to infections;
4. www.city.londonmet.ac.uk/psychology/Behavioral responses to stress;
5. (Sarafino, 1998 p. 70) {Sarafino, E.P. (1998). Health psychology: Biopsychosocial (3rd ed). Wiley.}
6. {Cohen S. & Williamson, G.M. (1991). Stress and infectious disease in humans. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 5-24.}
7. {Glaser, R., Rice, J., Sheridan, J., Fertel, R., Stout, J., Speicher, C.E., Pinsky, D., Kotur, M., Post, A., Beck, M. & kiecolt-Glasrer, J.K. (1987) Stress-related immune suppression: health implications. Brain Behavior and Immunity, 1, 7-20}
{Meyer, R.J. & Haggerty, R.T. (1962) Streptococcal infections in families. Pediatrists 9, 539-549}
{Stone, A.A., Reed, B.R. & Neale, J.M. (1987).
8. {Cohen, S., Tyrell, D.A.J. & Smith, A.P. (1993). Negative life events, perceived stress, negative affect, and susceptibility to the common cold. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 131-140.}
9. {Ogden, J. (1996). Health Psychology: A Textbook. Open University Press}
Modern psychological conceptions of stress emphasize discrepancies between demands on an individual and resources for coping with those demands, and focus on the psychological processes that lead to an event being experienced as stressful. When demands exceed resources, stress is considered to be the result. This is a definition that Sarafino offered in a recent textbook of health psychology: “Stress is the condition that results when person-environment transactions lead the individual to perceive a discrepancy-whether real or not-between the demands of a situation and the resources of the person’s biological, psychological or social systems” (Sarafino, 1998 p. 70) {Sarafino, E.P. (1998). Health psychology: Biopsychosocial (3rd ed). Wiley.}
A great deal of research has been undertaken to understand the psychological processes involved in the appraisal of stress. Research on stress in relation to the immune system, however, has generally adopted a much more simplistic approach to the assessment of stress. Studies have often employed very crude measures of stress, by counting life events or daily hassles that would be expected to produce stress or by simply asking people about the levels of stress they experience.
There are two basic strategies for investigating stress-infectious illness relationships. One is to conduct experiments in which people are deliberately exposed to infection (“viral challenge” studies), the other is to examine patterns of naturally occurring infections. Evidence about the relationships between stress and susceptibility to infectious illness was reviewed by Cohen & Williamson (1991). Here are some examples of those studies that focused on Upper Respiratory Tract (URT) infections, the most common of which are colds and influenza, both viral infections. Other types of infectious illness they reviewed were recurrences of herpes virus infections, and bacterial infections. {Cohen S. & Williamson, G.M. (1991). Stress and infectious disease in humans. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 5-24.}
These studies focus as much on the timing as on the incidence of colds. Typically, people are asked to keep diaries of life events, and the investigators look for associations between the timing of positive and negative life events and people becoming ill with colds. Studies like these show reductions in positive events and increases in hassles 2 to 4 days before the person becomes ill. That period corresponds more or less to the incubation period of colds.
For example, in an early study of this kind, Meyer & Haggerty (1962) followed 100 members of 16 families over a period of one year, using family diaries to record stressful events, and taking throat cultures every three weeks and at times of reported illness. Daily events that disrupted family life were 4 times more likely to precede than to follow new infections.
In another example, Glaser et al. (1987) followed students through the academic year and compared the numbers of infectious illnesses during exam periods with non-exam periods. Predictably, there were more such illnesses during the exam periods. In a third example, Stone et al. (1987) followed 79 married couples over 3 months, during which time they completed daily checklists of events. Undesirable events increased 3 to 4 days prior to the onset of illness, and desirable events decreased 4 to 5 days prior to onset of illness. {Glaser, R., Rice, J., Sheridan, J., Fertel, R., Stout, J., Speicher, C.E., Pinsky, D., Kotur, M., Post, A., Beck, M. & kiecolt-Glasrer, J.K. (1987) Stress-related immune suppression: health implications. Brain Behavior and Immunity, 1, 7-20}
{Meyer, R.J. & Haggerty, R.T. (1962) Streptococcal infections in families. Pediatrists 9, 539-549}
{Stone, A.A., Reed, B.R. & Neale, J.M. (1987). Changes in daily life event frequency precede episodes of physical symptoms. Journal of Human Stress, 13, 70-74}
Because the common cold is not life-threatening, volunteers can be asked to be exposed to cold viruses without breaching the ethics of research. The basic strategy for this line of investigation is to expose a group of volunteers to cold viruses and examine the extent to which they are infected or go on to become ill with a cold. Those rates can then be compared with other measures like their levels of stress before infection, or baseline psychological variables. {Cohen, S., Tyrell, D.A.J. & Smith, A.P. (1993). Negative life events, perceived stress, negative affect, and susceptibility to the common cold. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 131-140.}
Stress has been associated with a number of behavioral changes, many of which have health implications. When we consider the role of the immune system in the effects of stress on health, therefore, we need to be aware of factors other than immune functions that could also mediate a stress-illness association. In her Health Psychology: A Textbook, Jane Ogden (1996) describes studies showing of health-related behaviors associated with stress that included smoking, drinking, and risk taking.
Smoking: Stress has been associated with starting to smoke, amount smoked, and success of attempts to give up. For example, children who changed secondary schools were more likely to begin to smoke than those who did not. Higher levels of stress have also been associated with relapses to smoking after a period of absence.
Alcohol: People have been shown to be more likely to drink when they are feeling anxious or depressed, and work stress in particular has been associated with increased alcohol consumption.
Risk taking and health behaviors: There is evidence that stress is associated with increased risk of accident involvement, and reductions in health promoting behaviors, including healthy eating and exercise. {Ogden, J. (1996). Health Psychology: A Textbook. Open University Press}
References:
1. www.city.londonmet.ac.uk/psychology/”Stress” as a psychological concept;
2. www.city.londonmet.ac.uk/psychology/Studies of naturally occurring infections;
3. www.city.londonmet.ac.uk/psychology/Experimental studies of exposure to infections;
4. www.city.londonmet.ac.uk/psychology/Behavioral responses to stress;
5. (Sarafino, 1998 p. 70) {Sarafino, E.P. (1998). Health psychology: Biopsychosocial (3rd ed). Wiley.}
6. {Cohen S. & Williamson, G.M. (1991). Stress and infectious disease in humans. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 5-24.}
7. {Glaser, R., Rice, J., Sheridan, J., Fertel, R., Stout, J., Speicher, C.E., Pinsky, D., Kotur, M., Post, A., Beck, M. & kiecolt-Glasrer, J.K. (1987) Stress-related immune suppression: health implications. Brain Behavior and Immunity, 1, 7-20}
{Meyer, R.J. & Haggerty, R.T. (1962) Streptococcal infections in families. Pediatrists 9, 539-549}
{Stone, A.A., Reed, B.R. & Neale, J.M. (1987).
8. {Cohen, S., Tyrell, D.A.J. & Smith, A.P. (1993). Negative life events, perceived stress, negative affect, and susceptibility to the common cold. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 131-140.}
9. {Ogden, J. (1996). Health Psychology: A Textbook. Open University Press}
“FIXING YOUR BRAIN”
Neurologists at several hospitals have just started a major trial of promising implants
that can fix brain damage caused by strokes.
Mickey Lawson is a 63 year old from Lawrenceville, Georgia who is having a procedure called “deep brain stimulation” at Emory University Hospital. He has had Parkinson’s disease for a decade and cannot speak or move. Yet, his brain is active. They are implanting an electrode-a wire only a few millionths of an inch thick into Lawson’s skull. About 70% of patients who get the procedure get some benefit. Lawson still responds to a drug named “levodopa” for short periods, and that’s a big predictor of success, according to Matthew Stern, director of the Parkinson’s disease and Movement Disorders Center at Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia “it means the circuits are still working to some extent”.
None of the new brain stimulation gadgets hit that most worri-some of disorders, Alzheimer’s disease. New studies indicate that what’s good for your heart is also good for your head. Workouts have been shown to reduce other ailments of aging such as hypertension and heart disease.
that can fix brain damage caused by strokes.
Mickey Lawson is a 63 year old from Lawrenceville, Georgia who is having a procedure called “deep brain stimulation” at Emory University Hospital. He has had Parkinson’s disease for a decade and cannot speak or move. Yet, his brain is active. They are implanting an electrode-a wire only a few millionths of an inch thick into Lawson’s skull. About 70% of patients who get the procedure get some benefit. Lawson still responds to a drug named “levodopa” for short periods, and that’s a big predictor of success, according to Matthew Stern, director of the Parkinson’s disease and Movement Disorders Center at Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia “it means the circuits are still working to some extent”.
None of the new brain stimulation gadgets hit that most worri-some of disorders, Alzheimer’s disease. New studies indicate that what’s good for your heart is also good for your head. Workouts have been shown to reduce other ailments of aging such as hypertension and heart disease.
Legal Terminology
Attorney-Client Privilege: This is the information/file materials that are discussed with the attorney and the client. The client is free to give the attorney any and all information re: the matter and the attorney are expected to keep it confidential, unless, of course, it’s something that needs to be mentioned in front of the Court. The attorney is not to discuss any of this information with anyone unless the client has authorized it in writing.
Conflict of interest: This is when there is a conflict between the client and the attorney, or the attorney and the other side, or any other party involved who would interfere with the case. Example: an attorney cannot represent both parties in one case, which would be “conflict of interest”, another example: an attorney cannot represent any party who is involved in another matter within the same office. Also, an immediate family member cannot represent you in a case, especially if they have your last name and is in fact related to you by blood.
Ethical wall: This is when an attorney discusses the client’s matter with other uninvolved parties without permission from his client. “The Ethical Wall is designed to provide a procedural surrogate to strict confidentiality of case information by ensuring that an attorney or paralegal will not breach the contract underlying duties. As a practical matter, the erection of an Ethical Wall can, in effect, enhance the attorney’s or paralegal’s mobility. “ (paralegals.org) Law firms use the term “ethical wall” (also called Chinese wall) to describe an environment in which an attorney or a paralegal is isolated from a particular case or client to avoid a conflict of interest or to protect a client’s confidences and secrets. By creating this boundary or wall, any potential communications, whether written or oral, are prevented between the members of the legal team handling a particular matter or client and the person with whom there may be a conflict of interest.
Model Guidelines for the Utilization of Legal Assistant Services: Attorney’s are bound by the ethical code adopted by the state in which they practice. The ethical guidelines for the paralegal are a combination of the ethical rules imposed on the supervising attorney and the paralegal professional association rules imposed on paralegals. As a general rules, whatever the ethical rules forbid the attorney from doing, they also forbid the paralegal from doing. Paralegals therefore can look to their state’s adopted set of rules, or code, of professional responsibility for guidance in deciding what is appropriate or inappropriate from an ethical perspective. SEE ATTACHED
Model Rules of Professional Conduct: Unlike the ABA for lawyers, no single source of ethical rules is set out for the legal assistant. Absent a single unified body of ethical rules, legal assistants must follow state statutes and conduct themselves in conformity with the rules of professional conduct applicable to attorneys and with the ethics opinions of their professional associations. Although legal assistants are not governed by the American Bar Association ethical rules, there is an intertwined relationship between the lawyer, the client, and the paralegal. What the paralegal does or does not do can have a real impact on the lawyer’s duty and obligation to the client. The lawyer is ultimately responsible for the actions of the legal assistant under the Model Rules.
Unauthorized practice of law (UPL): Regulations are put into place in an attempt to prevent abuses in the practice of law. Two relevant issues involve giving advice and filling out forms. All of the states regulate the practice of law, in an attempt to protect the public from incompetent a d unscrupulous practitioners, just as they regulate the practice of medicine and many other professions.
Work product doctrine: Work product is broadly defined to include the certain written statements and memoranda prepared by counsel in representation of a client, generally in preparation for trial. This is the work that is generated in preparation for trial. The work product doctrine is an extension of the attorney-client privilege wherein the nonlawyer is assisting the lawyer in trial preparation. Litigation practice today requires that attorneys use nonlawyers including paralegals, secretaries, law clerks, and others.
Conflict of interest: This is when there is a conflict between the client and the attorney, or the attorney and the other side, or any other party involved who would interfere with the case. Example: an attorney cannot represent both parties in one case, which would be “conflict of interest”, another example: an attorney cannot represent any party who is involved in another matter within the same office. Also, an immediate family member cannot represent you in a case, especially if they have your last name and is in fact related to you by blood.
Ethical wall: This is when an attorney discusses the client’s matter with other uninvolved parties without permission from his client. “The Ethical Wall is designed to provide a procedural surrogate to strict confidentiality of case information by ensuring that an attorney or paralegal will not breach the contract underlying duties. As a practical matter, the erection of an Ethical Wall can, in effect, enhance the attorney’s or paralegal’s mobility. “ (paralegals.org) Law firms use the term “ethical wall” (also called Chinese wall) to describe an environment in which an attorney or a paralegal is isolated from a particular case or client to avoid a conflict of interest or to protect a client’s confidences and secrets. By creating this boundary or wall, any potential communications, whether written or oral, are prevented between the members of the legal team handling a particular matter or client and the person with whom there may be a conflict of interest.
Model Guidelines for the Utilization of Legal Assistant Services: Attorney’s are bound by the ethical code adopted by the state in which they practice. The ethical guidelines for the paralegal are a combination of the ethical rules imposed on the supervising attorney and the paralegal professional association rules imposed on paralegals. As a general rules, whatever the ethical rules forbid the attorney from doing, they also forbid the paralegal from doing. Paralegals therefore can look to their state’s adopted set of rules, or code, of professional responsibility for guidance in deciding what is appropriate or inappropriate from an ethical perspective. SEE ATTACHED
Model Rules of Professional Conduct: Unlike the ABA for lawyers, no single source of ethical rules is set out for the legal assistant. Absent a single unified body of ethical rules, legal assistants must follow state statutes and conduct themselves in conformity with the rules of professional conduct applicable to attorneys and with the ethics opinions of their professional associations. Although legal assistants are not governed by the American Bar Association ethical rules, there is an intertwined relationship between the lawyer, the client, and the paralegal. What the paralegal does or does not do can have a real impact on the lawyer’s duty and obligation to the client. The lawyer is ultimately responsible for the actions of the legal assistant under the Model Rules.
Unauthorized practice of law (UPL): Regulations are put into place in an attempt to prevent abuses in the practice of law. Two relevant issues involve giving advice and filling out forms. All of the states regulate the practice of law, in an attempt to protect the public from incompetent a d unscrupulous practitioners, just as they regulate the practice of medicine and many other professions.
Work product doctrine: Work product is broadly defined to include the certain written statements and memoranda prepared by counsel in representation of a client, generally in preparation for trial. This is the work that is generated in preparation for trial. The work product doctrine is an extension of the attorney-client privilege wherein the nonlawyer is assisting the lawyer in trial preparation. Litigation practice today requires that attorneys use nonlawyers including paralegals, secretaries, law clerks, and others.
“CAPITAL PUNISHMENT”
The death penalty is the harshest form of punishment enforced in the United States of America today.
a. Each year there are about 250 people added to death row and 35 executed.
b. In January 2000, the Florida Legislature passed legislation that allows lethal injection as an alternative method of execution in Florida. Florida administers executions by lethal injection or electric chair at the execution chamber located at Florida State Prison.
c. The three-legged electric chair was constructed from oak by Department of Corrections personnel in 1998 and was installed at Florida State Prison (FSP) in Starke in 1999. The previous chair was made by inmates from oak in 1923 after the Florida Legislature designated electrocution as the official mode of execution. (Prior to that, executions were carried out by counties, usually by hanging).
Frank Johnson was the first inmate executed in Florida’s electric chair on October 7, 1924. In 1929 and from May 1964 to May 1979 there were no executions in Florida.
a. The executioner is a private citizen who is paid $150 per execution. State law allows for his or her identity to remain anonymous.
b. A death row cell is 6x9x9.5 feet high. Florida State Prison also has Death Watch cells to incarcerate inmates awaiting execution after the Governor signs a death warrant for them. A Death Watch Cell is 12x7x8.5 feet high.
c. Men on death row are housed at Florida State Prison in Starke, Florida and Union Correctional Institution in Raiford, Florida. Women on death row are housed at Lowell Correctional Institution Annex in Lowell, Florida.
d. The inmates may shower every other day.
e. It costs approximately $72.39 per day to incarcerate a Death Row inmate.
There are no Juveniles on Death Row. Death Row inmates younger than 16 at the time of their offense were adjudicated as adults in court proceedings.
a. Two oldest Death Row inmates are John Vining- d.o.b.: 3/13/31, sentenced from Orange County in 1990. William Cruse, Jr.- d.o.b.: 11/21/27, sentenced from Brevard County in 1989.
b. Two youngest male Death Row inmates: Randy Schoenwetter- d.o.b.: 10/27/81, sentenced from Brevard County in 2004. Thomas E. Bevel- d.o.b.: 6/20/81, sentenced from Duval County in 2005.
c. Oldest inmate executed: Charlie Grifford- age 72, executed on 2/21/51.
d. Youngest inmates executed (both 16 years old): Willie Clay-sentenced from Duval County, executed 12/29/41. James Davis-sentenced from Alachua County, executed 10/9/44.
e. John Spenkelink was the first inmate to be executed in Florida after reinstatement of the death penalty in 1976. He was executed on 5/25/79.
f. Inmate who has been on Death Row the longest: Gary E. Alvord- received on Death Row 4/1174; date of offense: 6/17/73. Alvord was sentenced from Hillsborough County.
Capital punishment is a difficult issue and there are as many different opinions as there are people. My opinion is that it’s “just plain wrong”.
REFERENCES
· www.cwrl.utexas.edu
· www.soci.niu.edu
· www.dc,state.fl.us;
· www.prodeathpenalty.com
· www.crimemagazine.com
a. Each year there are about 250 people added to death row and 35 executed.
b. In January 2000, the Florida Legislature passed legislation that allows lethal injection as an alternative method of execution in Florida. Florida administers executions by lethal injection or electric chair at the execution chamber located at Florida State Prison.
c. The three-legged electric chair was constructed from oak by Department of Corrections personnel in 1998 and was installed at Florida State Prison (FSP) in Starke in 1999. The previous chair was made by inmates from oak in 1923 after the Florida Legislature designated electrocution as the official mode of execution. (Prior to that, executions were carried out by counties, usually by hanging).
Frank Johnson was the first inmate executed in Florida’s electric chair on October 7, 1924. In 1929 and from May 1964 to May 1979 there were no executions in Florida.
a. The executioner is a private citizen who is paid $150 per execution. State law allows for his or her identity to remain anonymous.
b. A death row cell is 6x9x9.5 feet high. Florida State Prison also has Death Watch cells to incarcerate inmates awaiting execution after the Governor signs a death warrant for them. A Death Watch Cell is 12x7x8.5 feet high.
c. Men on death row are housed at Florida State Prison in Starke, Florida and Union Correctional Institution in Raiford, Florida. Women on death row are housed at Lowell Correctional Institution Annex in Lowell, Florida.
d. The inmates may shower every other day.
e. It costs approximately $72.39 per day to incarcerate a Death Row inmate.
There are no Juveniles on Death Row. Death Row inmates younger than 16 at the time of their offense were adjudicated as adults in court proceedings.
a. Two oldest Death Row inmates are John Vining- d.o.b.: 3/13/31, sentenced from Orange County in 1990. William Cruse, Jr.- d.o.b.: 11/21/27, sentenced from Brevard County in 1989.
b. Two youngest male Death Row inmates: Randy Schoenwetter- d.o.b.: 10/27/81, sentenced from Brevard County in 2004. Thomas E. Bevel- d.o.b.: 6/20/81, sentenced from Duval County in 2005.
c. Oldest inmate executed: Charlie Grifford- age 72, executed on 2/21/51.
d. Youngest inmates executed (both 16 years old): Willie Clay-sentenced from Duval County, executed 12/29/41. James Davis-sentenced from Alachua County, executed 10/9/44.
e. John Spenkelink was the first inmate to be executed in Florida after reinstatement of the death penalty in 1976. He was executed on 5/25/79.
f. Inmate who has been on Death Row the longest: Gary E. Alvord- received on Death Row 4/1174; date of offense: 6/17/73. Alvord was sentenced from Hillsborough County.
Capital punishment is a difficult issue and there are as many different opinions as there are people. My opinion is that it’s “just plain wrong”.
REFERENCES
· www.cwrl.utexas.edu
· www.soci.niu.edu
· www.dc,state.fl.us;
· www.prodeathpenalty.com
· www.crimemagazine.com
Life
I truly believe that success in life comes from taking risks, trying new things, and most importantly, having faith in God and in yourself. Think positive and you will achieve your goals.
Many people like myself were brought up to think that life has always been and always will be very hard and that you will have to work a 9-5 job everyday and struggle to make ends meat. And even though a lot of people (even in my family and close friends) think that is the only way to be successful, I, in the other hand completely disagree. I have recently learned that you have to learn how to set specific goals when goal setting and use specific goals in all your business planning. Goals need to be specific if we have any chance of accomplishing them. Setting specific goals when we're goal setting sets us up for success rather than failure. The performance measure in the goal is often a date or a length of time, but it could be any objective criteria that you can use to determine whether or not you've accomplished the specific goal that you've set. This is why it is very important for everyone to have a “vision board”. On your vision board, you will put a picture of everything that you want in life and if you vision yourself in it, if you really concentrate and have faith and just know that you will get it, you will achieve that goal and you will work hard and take risks to get there.
It pays to learn, especially from your mistakes. The successful entrepreneur learns how to deal with mistakes every day. They look forward to the challenge. It‘s important to remember that they don’t have to know it all. There’s always someone they can go to for assistance, support, or technical information. Setting goals to reach success is like climbing a mountain. It takes a very long time to reach the top. Along the way may be several obstacles, but you must keep going. Further on you may stumble and need to rest. To reach the next level, there may be times when you have to take a different path or go around the obstacle. The last step to the top is the crucial one and requires all your concentration. Don’t let the difficult climb persuade you to quit or from setting higher goals. If you enjoy the climb, you will eventually reach the top.
A goal envisioned is a goal half completed. Most people find it difficult if not impossible to expend large amounts of energy on something that they can't "see" as existing in their reality. Creating that vision before starting out on your journey creates a real destination in your mind, which is infinitely preferable to just wondering off in the general direction of whatever it is you want and hoping you end up somewhere acceptable. The stronger and more realistically detailed you make your visualizations, the better chance you have of succeeding. Why leave anything to chance? Picture your goal right down to the stitching, as it were, to ensure that your energy is being focused in the right direction and is concentrated on creating the most effective and appropriate.
Many people like myself were brought up to think that life has always been and always will be very hard and that you will have to work a 9-5 job everyday and struggle to make ends meat. And even though a lot of people (even in my family and close friends) think that is the only way to be successful, I, in the other hand completely disagree. I have recently learned that you have to learn how to set specific goals when goal setting and use specific goals in all your business planning. Goals need to be specific if we have any chance of accomplishing them. Setting specific goals when we're goal setting sets us up for success rather than failure. The performance measure in the goal is often a date or a length of time, but it could be any objective criteria that you can use to determine whether or not you've accomplished the specific goal that you've set. This is why it is very important for everyone to have a “vision board”. On your vision board, you will put a picture of everything that you want in life and if you vision yourself in it, if you really concentrate and have faith and just know that you will get it, you will achieve that goal and you will work hard and take risks to get there.
It pays to learn, especially from your mistakes. The successful entrepreneur learns how to deal with mistakes every day. They look forward to the challenge. It‘s important to remember that they don’t have to know it all. There’s always someone they can go to for assistance, support, or technical information. Setting goals to reach success is like climbing a mountain. It takes a very long time to reach the top. Along the way may be several obstacles, but you must keep going. Further on you may stumble and need to rest. To reach the next level, there may be times when you have to take a different path or go around the obstacle. The last step to the top is the crucial one and requires all your concentration. Don’t let the difficult climb persuade you to quit or from setting higher goals. If you enjoy the climb, you will eventually reach the top.
A goal envisioned is a goal half completed. Most people find it difficult if not impossible to expend large amounts of energy on something that they can't "see" as existing in their reality. Creating that vision before starting out on your journey creates a real destination in your mind, which is infinitely preferable to just wondering off in the general direction of whatever it is you want and hoping you end up somewhere acceptable. The stronger and more realistically detailed you make your visualizations, the better chance you have of succeeding. Why leave anything to chance? Picture your goal right down to the stitching, as it were, to ensure that your energy is being focused in the right direction and is concentrated on creating the most effective and appropriate.
Working Out
I love working out. I love working out because it is something that I have been doing for years and it is something that makes me feel good, not only physically but mentally as well as psychologically. Exercising makes me look good, therefore, it makes me feel great. I have been working out for years now. Not only lifting weights, but also yoga, cardio and pilates. It improves your mood. Exercise stimulates various brain chemicals, which may leave you feeling happier and more relaxed than you were before you worked out. You'll also look better and feel better when you exercise regularly, which can boost your confidence and improve your self-esteem as I mentioned before. Exercise even reduces feelings of depression and anxiety.
I also love going to the beach. I live on the beach (recently moved there) and I can’t get enough of it. I love being tan all year round. I love the salt water- it makes your skin smooth and it cleans out your pores in your body. I love spending the entire day on the beach on a hot, sunny day. There is nothing that I enjoy more than the beach. My kids love it as well. I don’t think I can ever move out of South Florida. I would be homesick missing the weather if I moved. I also love the beach at night. There is nothing more romantic than a walk on the beach with that special someone, and maybe a picnic with a bottle of wine. That is where I will get married. Right on the sand; on a warm, summer night. That is my dream. There is nothing like it.
I like dancing. Going to night clubs is one of my favorite things to do on the weekends and sometimes on Thursday nights. Dancing is so much fun especially when you go dancing with someone you like spending time with. It could be your significant other or it can be your girlfriends. But in my opinion, it is way more fun with girlfriends or sisters. I love going clubbing with my sister. We have a blast every single time. Dancing makes me happy, it also burns calories and that is an A+.
I don’t like liars. I hate being lied to. One thing I cannot stand is someone who lies. I have been lied to many times in my life and I have developed a dislike for liars of all kinds. I am an honest person and I would tell anybody bluntly how I feel. Someone who doesn’t take honesty seriously, will be cut out of my life quickly.
I hate the cold weather. Cold weather makes me sick and sometimes depressed. I was born in Cuba- Cuba is very summer like. I have been an island girl my entire life and I couldn’t picture myself living somewhere up north. The cold weather just really does not sit well with my body. I always keep my A/C in 75 degrees.
I don’t like traffic. I hate traffic as a matter of fact. I hate it when I have to be somewhere and there is traffic. That is the worst. Especially when I have to be at work at 8:30 a.m. and I am late because of traffic. That is one of the things I don’t like about South Florida but I also love the fact that there are a lot of people down here- more variety, different cultures. It is always nice to visit different restaurants and try the foods. I love doing that. But I hate sitting in traffic, that is for sure.
I also love going to the beach. I live on the beach (recently moved there) and I can’t get enough of it. I love being tan all year round. I love the salt water- it makes your skin smooth and it cleans out your pores in your body. I love spending the entire day on the beach on a hot, sunny day. There is nothing that I enjoy more than the beach. My kids love it as well. I don’t think I can ever move out of South Florida. I would be homesick missing the weather if I moved. I also love the beach at night. There is nothing more romantic than a walk on the beach with that special someone, and maybe a picnic with a bottle of wine. That is where I will get married. Right on the sand; on a warm, summer night. That is my dream. There is nothing like it.
I like dancing. Going to night clubs is one of my favorite things to do on the weekends and sometimes on Thursday nights. Dancing is so much fun especially when you go dancing with someone you like spending time with. It could be your significant other or it can be your girlfriends. But in my opinion, it is way more fun with girlfriends or sisters. I love going clubbing with my sister. We have a blast every single time. Dancing makes me happy, it also burns calories and that is an A+.
I don’t like liars. I hate being lied to. One thing I cannot stand is someone who lies. I have been lied to many times in my life and I have developed a dislike for liars of all kinds. I am an honest person and I would tell anybody bluntly how I feel. Someone who doesn’t take honesty seriously, will be cut out of my life quickly.
I hate the cold weather. Cold weather makes me sick and sometimes depressed. I was born in Cuba- Cuba is very summer like. I have been an island girl my entire life and I couldn’t picture myself living somewhere up north. The cold weather just really does not sit well with my body. I always keep my A/C in 75 degrees.
I don’t like traffic. I hate traffic as a matter of fact. I hate it when I have to be somewhere and there is traffic. That is the worst. Especially when I have to be at work at 8:30 a.m. and I am late because of traffic. That is one of the things I don’t like about South Florida but I also love the fact that there are a lot of people down here- more variety, different cultures. It is always nice to visit different restaurants and try the foods. I love doing that. But I hate sitting in traffic, that is for sure.
OUTLINE: “Benefits of Physical Exercise”
I. Physical exercise: Physical exercise is the performance of some activity in order to develop or maintain physical fitness and overall health.
a. Physical exercise is considered important for maintaining physical fitness including healthy weight; building and maintaining healthy bones, muscles, and joints; promoting physiological well-being; reducing surgical risks; and strengthening the immune system.
b. Proper nutrition is at least as important to health as exercise. When exercising it becomes even more important to have good diet to ensure the body has the correct ratio of macronutrients whilst providing ample micronutrients, this is to aid the body with the recovery process following strenuous exercise.
c. Proper rest and recovery is also as important to health as exercise, otherwise the body exists in a permanently injured state and will not improve or adapt adequately to the exercise.
d. Frequent and regular exercise has been shown to help prevent or to cure major illnesses such as high blood pressure, obesity, heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, insomnia, cancer and depression, and many more diseases.
II. Regular physical activity can also help reduce or eliminate some of these risk factors:
High blood pressure- Regular aerobic activities can lower blood pressure.
Cigarette smoking- Smokers who become physically active are more likely to cut down or stop smoking.
Diabetes- People at their ideal weight are less likely to develop diabetes. Physical activity may also decrease insulin requirements for people with diabetes.
Obesity and overweight- Regular physical activity can help people lose excess fat or stay at a reasonable weight.
III. Depression and exercise: Regular exercise can be an effective way to treat some forms of depression. Physical activity alters brain chemistry and leads to feelings of wellbeing. Exercise can also be an effective treatment for anxiety. Some research studies indicate that regular exercise may be as effective as other treatments like medication to relieve mild to moderate depression.
a. Everyone feels sad from time to time, but depression is characterized by prolonged feelings of sadness, dejection and hopelessness. One in four women and one in six men will suffer from depression at some point in their lives. b. Depression is a complicated illness, which can involve a number of contributing factors, such as genes, environment, diet, lifestyle, brain chemicals, psychology and personality. c. Depression, health and heart attacks:On average, depressed people only exercise about half as much as people who aren’t depressed. This lack of cardiovascular fitness puts a depressed person at an increased risk of heart attack. It also seems that depression and exercise influence each other – a sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of depression, and depression increases the likelihood of a sedentary lifestyle. d. Exercise study :One research study compared the effects of exercise and drug therapy in treating depression in older people. The 156 depressed men and women were divided into three groups. Over 16 weeks, one group took antidepressants, the second group undertook an aerobic exercise program, and the third group used both medications and exercise.
IV. The cost of inactivity: If exercise and regular physical activity benefit the body, a sedentary lifestyle does the opposite. According to analyses by Graham Colditz, a professor of epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health, the direct medical cost of inactivity is at least $24 billion a year. An analysis of health-care costs by a team from the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggests that because individuals who are physically active have significantly lower annual direct medical costs than those who are inactive, getting people to become more active could cut yearly medical costs in the U.S. by more than $70 billion.
V. Weight training exercises for a bigger, stronger chestA powerful chest is something everybody recognizes. Almost anybody can improve his/her chest by lifting weights with only the smallest bit of know-how. Now, we show you how you can be successful building a stronger chest with these weight lifting exercises.
· Incline dumbbell presses
· Flat dumbbell presses
· Incline dumbbell flyes
Training Exercises for Rock Hard Abs
a. Exercises for rock-hard abs:Developing a washboard set of abs takes more than just a few minutes a day on some trendy ab cruncher. Like any other muscle group, your midsection needs to be trained in accordance with the proper principles of resistance exercise.
· Crunches
· Reverse crunches
b. Biceps and Triceps Weight Training Exercises
WEIGHT LIFTING FOR BIG ARMSThere's something just so gratifying about having lean, well-shaped biceps and triceps that it makes all the hours in the gym seem well worth it.
· Standing barbell curls
· Incline dumbbell curls
· Lying overhead triceps extensions
· Single-arm seated overhead triceps extensions
· Flat bench triceps dips
c. Weight Lifting Exercises for Leg Muscles
WEIGHT TRAINING EXERCISES FOR STRONG, MUSCULAR LEGSHere's something interesting I've noticed about weight training for legs: if you work them, they'll grow. There are plenty of hardgainers out there who have trouble developing their arms, back, or chest, but for some reason, I've never met anybody who can't get their legs to grow.
· Free-weight squats
· Dumbbell lunges
· Stiff-legged deadlifts
WORKS CITED: REFERENCES
www.familydoctor.org
www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/exercise
www.fi.edu/biosci/healthy/exercise
www.americanheart.org
www.betterhealth.vic.gov
www.hsph.harvard.edu
www.weight-training.realsolutionsmag.com
a. Physical exercise is considered important for maintaining physical fitness including healthy weight; building and maintaining healthy bones, muscles, and joints; promoting physiological well-being; reducing surgical risks; and strengthening the immune system.
b. Proper nutrition is at least as important to health as exercise. When exercising it becomes even more important to have good diet to ensure the body has the correct ratio of macronutrients whilst providing ample micronutrients, this is to aid the body with the recovery process following strenuous exercise.
c. Proper rest and recovery is also as important to health as exercise, otherwise the body exists in a permanently injured state and will not improve or adapt adequately to the exercise.
d. Frequent and regular exercise has been shown to help prevent or to cure major illnesses such as high blood pressure, obesity, heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, insomnia, cancer and depression, and many more diseases.
II. Regular physical activity can also help reduce or eliminate some of these risk factors:
High blood pressure- Regular aerobic activities can lower blood pressure.
Cigarette smoking- Smokers who become physically active are more likely to cut down or stop smoking.
Diabetes- People at their ideal weight are less likely to develop diabetes. Physical activity may also decrease insulin requirements for people with diabetes.
Obesity and overweight- Regular physical activity can help people lose excess fat or stay at a reasonable weight.
III. Depression and exercise: Regular exercise can be an effective way to treat some forms of depression. Physical activity alters brain chemistry and leads to feelings of wellbeing. Exercise can also be an effective treatment for anxiety. Some research studies indicate that regular exercise may be as effective as other treatments like medication to relieve mild to moderate depression.
a. Everyone feels sad from time to time, but depression is characterized by prolonged feelings of sadness, dejection and hopelessness. One in four women and one in six men will suffer from depression at some point in their lives. b. Depression is a complicated illness, which can involve a number of contributing factors, such as genes, environment, diet, lifestyle, brain chemicals, psychology and personality. c. Depression, health and heart attacks:On average, depressed people only exercise about half as much as people who aren’t depressed. This lack of cardiovascular fitness puts a depressed person at an increased risk of heart attack. It also seems that depression and exercise influence each other – a sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of depression, and depression increases the likelihood of a sedentary lifestyle. d. Exercise study :One research study compared the effects of exercise and drug therapy in treating depression in older people. The 156 depressed men and women were divided into three groups. Over 16 weeks, one group took antidepressants, the second group undertook an aerobic exercise program, and the third group used both medications and exercise.
IV. The cost of inactivity: If exercise and regular physical activity benefit the body, a sedentary lifestyle does the opposite. According to analyses by Graham Colditz, a professor of epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health, the direct medical cost of inactivity is at least $24 billion a year. An analysis of health-care costs by a team from the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggests that because individuals who are physically active have significantly lower annual direct medical costs than those who are inactive, getting people to become more active could cut yearly medical costs in the U.S. by more than $70 billion.
V. Weight training exercises for a bigger, stronger chestA powerful chest is something everybody recognizes. Almost anybody can improve his/her chest by lifting weights with only the smallest bit of know-how. Now, we show you how you can be successful building a stronger chest with these weight lifting exercises.
· Incline dumbbell presses
· Flat dumbbell presses
· Incline dumbbell flyes
Training Exercises for Rock Hard Abs
a. Exercises for rock-hard abs:Developing a washboard set of abs takes more than just a few minutes a day on some trendy ab cruncher. Like any other muscle group, your midsection needs to be trained in accordance with the proper principles of resistance exercise.
· Crunches
· Reverse crunches
b. Biceps and Triceps Weight Training Exercises
WEIGHT LIFTING FOR BIG ARMSThere's something just so gratifying about having lean, well-shaped biceps and triceps that it makes all the hours in the gym seem well worth it.
· Standing barbell curls
· Incline dumbbell curls
· Lying overhead triceps extensions
· Single-arm seated overhead triceps extensions
· Flat bench triceps dips
c. Weight Lifting Exercises for Leg Muscles
WEIGHT TRAINING EXERCISES FOR STRONG, MUSCULAR LEGSHere's something interesting I've noticed about weight training for legs: if you work them, they'll grow. There are plenty of hardgainers out there who have trouble developing their arms, back, or chest, but for some reason, I've never met anybody who can't get their legs to grow.
· Free-weight squats
· Dumbbell lunges
· Stiff-legged deadlifts
WORKS CITED: REFERENCES
www.familydoctor.org
www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/exercise
www.fi.edu/biosci/healthy/exercise
www.americanheart.org
www.betterhealth.vic.gov
www.hsph.harvard.edu
www.weight-training.realsolutionsmag.com
Abortion, right or wrong?
Soraya Peña
Critical Thinking
Dr. A. Cwiak
Friday, June 30th, 2006
Abortion, right or wrong?
Because the issue of abortion is emotive, pro-choice and pro-life supporters argue on what constitutes an abortion and the legal ramifications that such a definition would have. Therefore several definitions have been put forward:
Spontaneous abortion (miscarriage): An abortion due to accidental trauma or natural causes.
Induced abortion: An abortion deliberately caused. Induced abortions are further subcategorized into therapeutic abortions and elective abortions: Therapeutic abortion: To save the life of the pregnant woman, to preserve the woman’s physical or mental health, to terminate a pregnancy that would result in a child born with a congenital disorder which would be fatal or associated with significant morbidity, to selectively reduce the number of fetuses to lessen health risks associated with multiple pregnancy.
Elective abortion: An abortion performed for any other reason.
The incidence of and reasons for induced abortion vary in regions in which abortion is generally permitted. It has been estimated approximately 46 million abortions are performed globally each year. Of these, 26 million are said to occur in places where abortion is legal; the other 20 million happen where it is illegal. Some countries, such as Belgium and the Netherlands, have a low rate of induced abortion, while others like Russia and Vietnam have a comparatively high rate. Early term surgical abortion is a simple procedure. When performed before the 16th week by competent doctors or in some states, nurse practitioners, nurse midwives, and physician assistants- it is safer than childbirth. {en.wikipedia.org-Abortion}
The controversy swirling about the first question can be explained by the fact that different people use different standards of measurement by which to define “human life”. Some would define it thorough a theological or religious faith belief. Others define “human life” by using biologic, scientific facts. {abortionfacts.com- Human Life}
The question of when human life begins is a scientific question. Therefore, we should look to scientific facts rather than philosophic theories or religious beliefs for the answer. We must conclude then that each individual human life begins at the beginning, at fertilization, and that human life is a continuum from that time until death. {abortionfacts.com- Why Can’t We Love Them}
Ever since its discovery 150 years ago, both words “different from fertilization” were used to mean the union of sperm and ovum. In the 1960’s the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the American College of OB & GYN agreed to attempt to redefine “conception” to mean implantation. “Conception is the implantation of the blastocyst. It is not synonymous with fertilization”. {GYN Terminology, “Philadelphia: F.A. Davis, 1972} This made it possible to call an intrauterine device a “contraceptive” even though it was an abortifacient. But in 1982, lengthy hearings in the U.S. Senate and the two-volume report of the Human Life Bill defined “conception” and used it exclusively to mean the time of union of sperm and ovum. {“Human Life Bill”, U.S. Senate Common Judiciary, Subcommittee of Separation of Powers, 97th Congress, S-158, April-June 1982, Serial No. J-97-16}
Once a woman is pregnant, barring a miscarriage or an induced abortion, she’ll have a baby. Therefore, her only choice is, “How is the baby going to come out?” Will he or she come out alive and crying, or dead in pieces? For many women this is an agonizing decision. Truly her choice is between life and death- a live baby or a dead one. But, for many women, it doesn’t end with the abortion. It can impact the rest of her life. There can be physical complications. Perhaps more important, for many, is the emotional aftermath that can result.
Should we kill an innocent unborn baby for the crime of his father? Do we punish other criminals by killing their children? Besides, such laws pose major problems in reporting, and also women have been known to report falsely.
Many nations report only one figure for women who die. They clump together women’s deaths from spontaneous abortion (miscarriage), legally induced abortion and illegally induced abortion. Such statistics are no help. The United States, since the 1940s, has reported such deaths separately, so we know the number of deaths from illegal abortions. Now if we knew how many illegal abortions it took to cause death, we could easily calculate the total number of illegal abortions. The problem is, no one has the slightest idea how many it took, and so we’re back to where we started from. {abortionfacts.com- “Illegal Abortions”}
Maternal mortality also includes deaths from caesarean section. To compare comparable risks, one would have to compare the risk of being pregnant in the first three months with the risk of having an abortion within the first three months. When compared in this fashion, abortion is many times more dangerous. Actually, it is probable that induced abortion is more dangerous than carrying a baby to term. {Maternal Mortality Surveillance “79-“86, Center for Disease Control, M&M Weekly report July ’91, Vol. 40, No. SS-1}
A second thought: Women resent that the value of a woman is sometimes determined by whether a man wants her. Yet radical feminists insist that the value of an unborn boy or girl is to be determined by whether a woman wants him or her. To use being wanted by someone as a measure of whether a human life is allowed to live is a frightening concept. Its converse logically awaits us- that the unwanted can be eliminated.
ABORTION IS LEGAL.
It was made legal throughout the US in 1973 by a Supreme Court decision known as Roe v Wade. This decision is based on a woman’s right to privacy regarding medical matters including family planning. The Supreme Court allows some restrictions on the practice of abortion. These restrictions vary from state to state.
ABORTION IS SAFE.
Since 1973, abortion has become the most often performed outpatient surgery. Thousands of doctors across the country have learned to provide abortion using the safest medical techniques. Today, abortion is about 10 times safer than giving birth.
MAKING YOUR OWN DECISION . . .
Becoming a parent is a very important decision that will affect the rest of your life. It’s essential to make your own decision. No one else has the right to tell you what to do. Listen to your own heart.
If you - or someone you know - is pregnant, it’s a good idea to talk about it with someone you trust. Talk with a friend, parent, teacher, relative, or call a clinic. (In Washington, it is NOT necessary to have your parent's permission.)
Once you have made your decision, believe in yourself for making a good decision. Abortion is the right of every woman.
WHAT ABOUT PARENTS?
In Washington State, parent’s permission is NOT required for a minor to obtain abortion, pregnancy tests, birth control methods, or tests for sexually transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS. It is also not necessary to notify a parent before or after the procedure or test.
When teens feel they cannot tell their parents, they have compelling reasons, such as mentally ill or chemically dependent parents, family violence or incest. Laws cannot mandate good family communications. Desperate teens seek illegal abortion or even commit suicide rather than tell their parents. Parental consent laws are bad medicine and bad legislation. Responsible parents open the doors of communication themselves; they do not expect government to do it for them. Parental consent/notice laws are a form of parents abdicating responsibility to the government to curb the decisions teens may make.
STATE ASSISTANCE
In Washington State, if you are pregnant and low income, you may qualify for "Medical Assistance" -- regardless of your age, and regardless of whether you want to give birth or get an abortion. Contact your local DSHS, to sign up for Medical Assistance for pregnant women.
COST
The cost of an abortion depends on the stage of pregnancy and which clinic is providing services. First trimester procedures run about $450-800. Second trimester procedures cost $600-6000. Many insurance plans cover abortion. In Washington, abortion is covered by the state medical assistance. State Medicaid coverage varies from state to state.
INSURANCE
Abortion is covered under many insurance plans. The clinic can help by verifying coverage and other paperwork. It may not be necessary to obtain a referral from a primary care physician before setting up an abortion appointment.
RISKS
Abortion is very safe. It is safer than giving birth and safer than receiving an injection of penicillin. Like all medical procedures, there are some risks with abortion, but the risk is comparatively minimal.
Potential complications from the abortion procedure include
incomplete abortion - which means the procedure needs to be repeated (a minor complication)
infection - which is easily treated with antibiotics
perforation of the uterine wall - for which the treatment may be nothing, to surgical repair in a hospital, depending on the severity.
Less than 1% of all abortion patients experience a major complication, such as serious pelvic infection, hemorrhage requiring a blood transfusion or unintended major surgery. The risks associated with abortion increases with the length of pregnancy. Hysterectomy is exceedingly rare.
The risk of death associated with childbirth is about 10 times as high as that associated with abortion.
Unless you have a complication during or after the abortion, abortion has no impact on your future ability to get pregnant or carry a pregnancy to term.
{www.fwhc.com/abortion-What do you want to know?}
References:
· en.wikipedia.org-Abortion}
· {abortionfacts.com- Human Life}
· {abortionfacts.com- Why Can’t We Love Them}
· GYN Terminology, “Philadelphia: F.A. Davis, 1972}
{“Human Life Bill”, U.S. Senate Common Judiciary, Subcommittee of Separation of Powers, 97th Congress, S-158, April-June 1982, Serial No. J-97-16}
· {abortionfacts.com- “Illegal Abortions”}
{Maternal Mortality Surveillance “79-“86, Center for Disease Control, M&M Weekly report July ’91, Vol. 40, No. SS-1}
· {www.fwhc.com/abortion-What do you want to know?}
· International Dictionary of Medicine and Biology. John Wiley & Sons, 1986. Volume 1. Dorland’s Illustrated and Medical Dictionary. W.B. Saunders Company, 2000. 29th edition.
· The First Nine Months of Life. By Geraldine Lux Flanagan. Simon & Shuster, 1962. Second edition.
Critical Thinking
Dr. A. Cwiak
Friday, June 30th, 2006
Abortion, right or wrong?
Because the issue of abortion is emotive, pro-choice and pro-life supporters argue on what constitutes an abortion and the legal ramifications that such a definition would have. Therefore several definitions have been put forward:
Spontaneous abortion (miscarriage): An abortion due to accidental trauma or natural causes.
Induced abortion: An abortion deliberately caused. Induced abortions are further subcategorized into therapeutic abortions and elective abortions: Therapeutic abortion: To save the life of the pregnant woman, to preserve the woman’s physical or mental health, to terminate a pregnancy that would result in a child born with a congenital disorder which would be fatal or associated with significant morbidity, to selectively reduce the number of fetuses to lessen health risks associated with multiple pregnancy.
Elective abortion: An abortion performed for any other reason.
The incidence of and reasons for induced abortion vary in regions in which abortion is generally permitted. It has been estimated approximately 46 million abortions are performed globally each year. Of these, 26 million are said to occur in places where abortion is legal; the other 20 million happen where it is illegal. Some countries, such as Belgium and the Netherlands, have a low rate of induced abortion, while others like Russia and Vietnam have a comparatively high rate. Early term surgical abortion is a simple procedure. When performed before the 16th week by competent doctors or in some states, nurse practitioners, nurse midwives, and physician assistants- it is safer than childbirth. {en.wikipedia.org-Abortion}
The controversy swirling about the first question can be explained by the fact that different people use different standards of measurement by which to define “human life”. Some would define it thorough a theological or religious faith belief. Others define “human life” by using biologic, scientific facts. {abortionfacts.com- Human Life}
The question of when human life begins is a scientific question. Therefore, we should look to scientific facts rather than philosophic theories or religious beliefs for the answer. We must conclude then that each individual human life begins at the beginning, at fertilization, and that human life is a continuum from that time until death. {abortionfacts.com- Why Can’t We Love Them}
Ever since its discovery 150 years ago, both words “different from fertilization” were used to mean the union of sperm and ovum. In the 1960’s the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the American College of OB & GYN agreed to attempt to redefine “conception” to mean implantation. “Conception is the implantation of the blastocyst. It is not synonymous with fertilization”. {GYN Terminology, “Philadelphia: F.A. Davis, 1972} This made it possible to call an intrauterine device a “contraceptive” even though it was an abortifacient. But in 1982, lengthy hearings in the U.S. Senate and the two-volume report of the Human Life Bill defined “conception” and used it exclusively to mean the time of union of sperm and ovum. {“Human Life Bill”, U.S. Senate Common Judiciary, Subcommittee of Separation of Powers, 97th Congress, S-158, April-June 1982, Serial No. J-97-16}
Once a woman is pregnant, barring a miscarriage or an induced abortion, she’ll have a baby. Therefore, her only choice is, “How is the baby going to come out?” Will he or she come out alive and crying, or dead in pieces? For many women this is an agonizing decision. Truly her choice is between life and death- a live baby or a dead one. But, for many women, it doesn’t end with the abortion. It can impact the rest of her life. There can be physical complications. Perhaps more important, for many, is the emotional aftermath that can result.
Should we kill an innocent unborn baby for the crime of his father? Do we punish other criminals by killing their children? Besides, such laws pose major problems in reporting, and also women have been known to report falsely.
Many nations report only one figure for women who die. They clump together women’s deaths from spontaneous abortion (miscarriage), legally induced abortion and illegally induced abortion. Such statistics are no help. The United States, since the 1940s, has reported such deaths separately, so we know the number of deaths from illegal abortions. Now if we knew how many illegal abortions it took to cause death, we could easily calculate the total number of illegal abortions. The problem is, no one has the slightest idea how many it took, and so we’re back to where we started from. {abortionfacts.com- “Illegal Abortions”}
Maternal mortality also includes deaths from caesarean section. To compare comparable risks, one would have to compare the risk of being pregnant in the first three months with the risk of having an abortion within the first three months. When compared in this fashion, abortion is many times more dangerous. Actually, it is probable that induced abortion is more dangerous than carrying a baby to term. {Maternal Mortality Surveillance “79-“86, Center for Disease Control, M&M Weekly report July ’91, Vol. 40, No. SS-1}
A second thought: Women resent that the value of a woman is sometimes determined by whether a man wants her. Yet radical feminists insist that the value of an unborn boy or girl is to be determined by whether a woman wants him or her. To use being wanted by someone as a measure of whether a human life is allowed to live is a frightening concept. Its converse logically awaits us- that the unwanted can be eliminated.
ABORTION IS LEGAL.
It was made legal throughout the US in 1973 by a Supreme Court decision known as Roe v Wade. This decision is based on a woman’s right to privacy regarding medical matters including family planning. The Supreme Court allows some restrictions on the practice of abortion. These restrictions vary from state to state.
ABORTION IS SAFE.
Since 1973, abortion has become the most often performed outpatient surgery. Thousands of doctors across the country have learned to provide abortion using the safest medical techniques. Today, abortion is about 10 times safer than giving birth.
MAKING YOUR OWN DECISION . . .
Becoming a parent is a very important decision that will affect the rest of your life. It’s essential to make your own decision. No one else has the right to tell you what to do. Listen to your own heart.
If you - or someone you know - is pregnant, it’s a good idea to talk about it with someone you trust. Talk with a friend, parent, teacher, relative, or call a clinic. (In Washington, it is NOT necessary to have your parent's permission.)
Once you have made your decision, believe in yourself for making a good decision. Abortion is the right of every woman.
WHAT ABOUT PARENTS?
In Washington State, parent’s permission is NOT required for a minor to obtain abortion, pregnancy tests, birth control methods, or tests for sexually transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS. It is also not necessary to notify a parent before or after the procedure or test.
When teens feel they cannot tell their parents, they have compelling reasons, such as mentally ill or chemically dependent parents, family violence or incest. Laws cannot mandate good family communications. Desperate teens seek illegal abortion or even commit suicide rather than tell their parents. Parental consent laws are bad medicine and bad legislation. Responsible parents open the doors of communication themselves; they do not expect government to do it for them. Parental consent/notice laws are a form of parents abdicating responsibility to the government to curb the decisions teens may make.
STATE ASSISTANCE
In Washington State, if you are pregnant and low income, you may qualify for "Medical Assistance" -- regardless of your age, and regardless of whether you want to give birth or get an abortion. Contact your local DSHS, to sign up for Medical Assistance for pregnant women.
COST
The cost of an abortion depends on the stage of pregnancy and which clinic is providing services. First trimester procedures run about $450-800. Second trimester procedures cost $600-6000. Many insurance plans cover abortion. In Washington, abortion is covered by the state medical assistance. State Medicaid coverage varies from state to state.
INSURANCE
Abortion is covered under many insurance plans. The clinic can help by verifying coverage and other paperwork. It may not be necessary to obtain a referral from a primary care physician before setting up an abortion appointment.
RISKS
Abortion is very safe. It is safer than giving birth and safer than receiving an injection of penicillin. Like all medical procedures, there are some risks with abortion, but the risk is comparatively minimal.
Potential complications from the abortion procedure include
incomplete abortion - which means the procedure needs to be repeated (a minor complication)
infection - which is easily treated with antibiotics
perforation of the uterine wall - for which the treatment may be nothing, to surgical repair in a hospital, depending on the severity.
Less than 1% of all abortion patients experience a major complication, such as serious pelvic infection, hemorrhage requiring a blood transfusion or unintended major surgery. The risks associated with abortion increases with the length of pregnancy. Hysterectomy is exceedingly rare.
The risk of death associated with childbirth is about 10 times as high as that associated with abortion.
Unless you have a complication during or after the abortion, abortion has no impact on your future ability to get pregnant or carry a pregnancy to term.
{www.fwhc.com/abortion-What do you want to know?}
References:
· en.wikipedia.org-Abortion}
· {abortionfacts.com- Human Life}
· {abortionfacts.com- Why Can’t We Love Them}
· GYN Terminology, “Philadelphia: F.A. Davis, 1972}
{“Human Life Bill”, U.S. Senate Common Judiciary, Subcommittee of Separation of Powers, 97th Congress, S-158, April-June 1982, Serial No. J-97-16}
· {abortionfacts.com- “Illegal Abortions”}
{Maternal Mortality Surveillance “79-“86, Center for Disease Control, M&M Weekly report July ’91, Vol. 40, No. SS-1}
· {www.fwhc.com/abortion-What do you want to know?}
· International Dictionary of Medicine and Biology. John Wiley & Sons, 1986. Volume 1. Dorland’s Illustrated and Medical Dictionary. W.B. Saunders Company, 2000. 29th edition.
· The First Nine Months of Life. By Geraldine Lux Flanagan. Simon & Shuster, 1962. Second edition.
Comes the Dawn
Women have to learn not to depend on a man, or anyone else, for their happiness and fulfillment. I learned that in everyone's life there are good-byes of one kind or another. We are always saying good-bye. Spouses let us down; spouses disappoint us; spouses don't keep promises. Spouses and other loved ones die. Friends move away; friendships cool, and children grow up and leave home.They begin their own lives and aren't so much a part of ours anymore. Some stay close to us, some don't. Parents do the best they can, but most of us have some scars and issues from childhood. Eventually, they leave us too. So, we have to build our own world, plan our own lives, and learn not to depend on anyone else except God. Most of all, we realize that we can survive if we are strong. Then, anything that comes along to make us happy is just icing on the cake.
"After a While"
"After a while you learn the subtle differencebetween holding a hand and chaining a soul.And you learn that love doesn't mean leaningand company isn't security.(Kisses aren't contracts and presents aren't promises.) After awhile you begin to accept your defeatswith your head up and your eyes open,with the grace of a woman, not the grief of a child.And you learn to build your roads on todaybecause tomorrow's ground is too uncertain and the inevitable has a way of crumbling in mid-flight.After a while you learn that even sunshine burnsif you stand too long in one place.So, you plant your own garden and decorate your own soulinstead of waiting for someone else to bring you flowers.And you learn you really can endure,that you really do have worth.You learn that with every good-bye comes the dawn."
"After a While"
"After a while you learn the subtle differencebetween holding a hand and chaining a soul.And you learn that love doesn't mean leaningand company isn't security.(Kisses aren't contracts and presents aren't promises.) After awhile you begin to accept your defeatswith your head up and your eyes open,with the grace of a woman, not the grief of a child.And you learn to build your roads on todaybecause tomorrow's ground is too uncertain and the inevitable has a way of crumbling in mid-flight.After a while you learn that even sunshine burnsif you stand too long in one place.So, you plant your own garden and decorate your own soulinstead of waiting for someone else to bring you flowers.And you learn you really can endure,that you really do have worth.You learn that with every good-bye comes the dawn."
The Guys' Rules
At last a guy has taken the time to write this all down
Finally , the guys' side of the story. (I must admit, it's pretty good.) We always hear " the rules"From the female side.
Now here are the rules from the male side.These are MEN rules!Please note.. these are all numbered "1"ON PURPOSE!
1. Men are NOT mind readers.
1. Learn to work the toilet seat.You're a big girl. If it's up, put it down.We need it up, you need it down.You don't hear us complaining about you leaving it down.
1. Sunday sports It's like the full moonor the changing of the tides.Let it be.
1. Shopping is NOT a sport.And no, we are never going to think of it that way.
1. Crying is blackmail.
1. Ask for what you want.Let us be clear on this one:Subtle hints do not work!Strong hints do not work!Obvious hints do not work!Just say it!
1. Yes and No are perfectly acceptable answers to almost every question.
1. Come to us with a problem only if you want help solving it. That's what we do.Sympathy is what your girlfriends are for.
1. A headache that lasts for 17 months is a Problem.
See a doctor.
1. Anything we said 6 months ago is inadmissible in an argument.In fact, all comments become null and void after 7 Days.
1. If you won't dress like the Victoria 's Secret girls, don't Expect us to act like soap opera guys.
1. If you think you're fat, you probably are.Don't ask us.
1. If something we said can be interpreted two ways and one of the ways makes you sad or angry, we meant the other one
1. You can either ask us to do somethingOr tell us how you want it done.Not both.If you already know best how to do it, just do it yourself.
1. Whenever possible, Please say whatever you have to say during commercials.
1. Christopher Columbus did NOT need directions and neither do we.
1. ALL men see in only 16 colors, like Windows default settings.Peach, for example, is a fruit, not A color. Pumpkin is also a fruit.We have no idea what mauve is.
1. If it itches, it will be scratched.We do that.
1. If we ask what is wrong and you say "nothing," We will act like nothing's wrong.We know you are lying, but it is just not worth the hassle.
1. If you ask a question you don't want an answer to, Expect an answer you don't want to hear.
1. When we have to go somewhere, absolutely any thing you wear is fine... Really.
1. Don't ask us what w e're thinking about unless you are prepared to discuss such topics as baseball, the shotgun formation,or golf.
1. You have enough clothes.
1. You have too many shoes.
1. I am in shape. Round IS a shape!
1. Thank you for reading this.Yes, I know, I have to sleep on the couch tonight;But did you know men really don't mind that? It's like camping.
Finally , the guys' side of the story. (I must admit, it's pretty good.) We always hear " the rules"From the female side.
Now here are the rules from the male side.These are MEN rules!Please note.. these are all numbered "1"ON PURPOSE!
1. Men are NOT mind readers.
1. Learn to work the toilet seat.You're a big girl. If it's up, put it down.We need it up, you need it down.You don't hear us complaining about you leaving it down.
1. Sunday sports It's like the full moonor the changing of the tides.Let it be.
1. Shopping is NOT a sport.And no, we are never going to think of it that way.
1. Crying is blackmail.
1. Ask for what you want.Let us be clear on this one:Subtle hints do not work!Strong hints do not work!Obvious hints do not work!Just say it!
1. Yes and No are perfectly acceptable answers to almost every question.
1. Come to us with a problem only if you want help solving it. That's what we do.Sympathy is what your girlfriends are for.
1. A headache that lasts for 17 months is a Problem.
See a doctor.
1. Anything we said 6 months ago is inadmissible in an argument.In fact, all comments become null and void after 7 Days.
1. If you won't dress like the Victoria 's Secret girls, don't Expect us to act like soap opera guys.
1. If you think you're fat, you probably are.Don't ask us.
1. If something we said can be interpreted two ways and one of the ways makes you sad or angry, we meant the other one
1. You can either ask us to do somethingOr tell us how you want it done.Not both.If you already know best how to do it, just do it yourself.
1. Whenever possible, Please say whatever you have to say during commercials.
1. Christopher Columbus did NOT need directions and neither do we.
1. ALL men see in only 16 colors, like Windows default settings.Peach, for example, is a fruit, not A color. Pumpkin is also a fruit.We have no idea what mauve is.
1. If it itches, it will be scratched.We do that.
1. If we ask what is wrong and you say "nothing," We will act like nothing's wrong.We know you are lying, but it is just not worth the hassle.
1. If you ask a question you don't want an answer to, Expect an answer you don't want to hear.
1. When we have to go somewhere, absolutely any thing you wear is fine... Really.
1. Don't ask us what w e're thinking about unless you are prepared to discuss such topics as baseball, the shotgun formation,or golf.
1. You have enough clothes.
1. You have too many shoes.
1. I am in shape. Round IS a shape!
1. Thank you for reading this.Yes, I know, I have to sleep on the couch tonight;But did you know men really don't mind that? It's like camping.
Regular Friends vs. Cuban Friends
REGULAR FRIENDS: Never ask for food.
CUBAN FRIENDS: Are the reason you have food.
REGULAR FRIENDS: Will say "hello."
CUBAN FRIENDS: Will give you a big hug and a kiss.
REGULAR FRIENDS: Call your parents Mr. and Mrs.
CUBAN FRIENDS: Call your parents mom and dad.
REGULAR FRIENDS: Have never seen you cry.
CUBAN FRIENDS: Cry with you.
REGULAR FRIENDS: Will eat at your dinner table and leave.
CUBAN FRIENDS: Will spend hours there, talking, laughing and just being together.
REGULAR FRIENDS: Borrow your stuff for a few days then give it back.
CUBAN FRIENDS: Keep your stuff so long they forget it's yours.
REGULAR FRIENDS: Know a few things about you.
CUBAN FRIENDS: Could write a book with direct quotes from you.
REGULAR FRIENDS: Will leave you behind if that's what the crowd is doing.
CUBAN FRIENDS: Will kick the whole crowds' ass that left you.
REGULAR FRIENDS: Would knock on your door.
CUBAN FRIENDS: Walk right in and say, "I'm home!"
REGULAR FRIENDS: Are for awhile.
CUBAN FRIENDS: Are for life.
To all my cubans :)
Inspirational Thought for today
Philippians 4:13 --- I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me.
The road to success is not straight. There is a curve called Failure, a loop called Confusion, speed bumps called Friends, red lights called Enemies and caution lights called Family. You will even have flats called Jobs. But, if you have a spare called Determination, an engine called Perseverance, an insurance called Faith and a driver called Jesus, you will make it to a place called Success.
The road to success is not straight. There is a curve called Failure, a loop called Confusion, speed bumps called Friends, red lights called Enemies and caution lights called Family. You will even have flats called Jobs. But, if you have a spare called Determination, an engine called Perseverance, an insurance called Faith and a driver called Jesus, you will make it to a place called Success.
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